RE-PCR variability and toxigenic profile of food poisoning, foodborne and soil-associated Bacillus cereus isolates from Brazil

Santos, Clelton A.; Almeida, Fernanda Simões de; Guimarães, Alaíse Gil; Abrahão, Wanda Moscalewski; Arantes, O. M. N.; Vilas-Bôas, Gislayne Trindade

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.09.008

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…With all isolates containing bceT and 64% also harbouring entFM , this may contribute to the severity of diarrheal illness induced by these isolates. This prevalence of entFM among B. cereus s. l. isolated from dairy farms was shared by a previous study from Ghana [ 39 ] and another from Brazil [ 40 ]; interestingly, the latter study found a higher carriage rate of bceT food poisoning strains relative to those isolated from foods or soil, although the majority of isolates among all groups carried this enterotoxin gene. The carriage of entFM among isolates in this study appears higher than previously reported in others [ 39 , 41 ], although a larger number of isolates would provide greater insight into the distribution of this enterotoxin among strains in Australia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Characterization of Enterotoxigenic Bacillus cereus sensu lato and Staphylococcus aureus Isolates and Associated Enterotoxin Production Dynamics in Milk or Meat-Based Broth

Walker-York-Moore

Moore

Fox

2017

Toxins

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Bacillus cereus sensu lato species, as well as Staphylococcus aureus, are important pathogenic bacteria which can cause foodborne illness through the production of enterotoxins. This study characterised enterotoxin genes of these species and examined growth and enterotoxin production dynamics of isolates when grown in milk or meat-based broth. All B. cereus s. l. isolates harboured nheA, hblA and entFM toxin genes, with lower prevalence of bceT and hlyII. When grown at 16 °C, toxin production by individual B. cereus s. l. isolates varied depending on the food matrix; toxin was detected at cell densities below 5 log10(CFU/mL). At 16 °C no staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC) production was detected by S. aureus isolates, although low levels of SED production was noted. At 30 °C all S. aureus isolates produced detectable enterotoxin in the simulated meat matrix, whereas SEC production was significantly reduced in milk. Relative to B. cereus s. l. toxin production, S. aureus typically required reaching higher cell numbers to produce detectable levels of enterotoxin. Phylogenetic analysis of the sec and sel genes suggested population evolution which correlated with animal host adaptation, with subgroups of bovine isolates or caprine/ovine isolates noted, which were distinct from human isolates. Taken together, this study highlights the marked differences in the production of enterotoxins both associated with different growth matrices themselves, but also in the behaviour of individual strains when exposed to different food matrices.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Characterization of Enterotoxigenic Bacillus cereus sensu lato and Staphylococcus aureus Isolates and Associated Enterotoxin Production Dynamics in Milk or Meat-Based Broth

Walker-York-Moore

Moore

Fox

2017

Toxins

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“…Studies were also conducted comparing food related and food poisoning related strains. Santos et al showed that food poisoning strains had a higher occurrence and higher genetic diversity of plcR-papR, nheA, cytK-2, plcA, and gyrB genes than strains isolated from soil or foods [77]. CytK and the combination hbl-nhe-cytK were more often found among food poisoning related than among food related strains [51,52,78].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Food Poisoning Toxins of Bacillus cereus

Dietrich

Jeßberger

Ehling‐Schulz

et al. 2021

Toxins

137

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Bacillus cereus is a ubiquitous soil bacterium responsible for two types of food-associated gastrointestinal diseases. While the emetic type, a food intoxication, manifests in nausea and vomiting, food infections with enteropathogenic strains cause diarrhea and abdominal pain. Causative toxins are the cyclic dodecadepsipeptide cereulide, and the proteinaceous enterotoxins hemolysin BL (Hbl), nonhemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe) and cytotoxin K (CytK), respectively. This review covers the current knowledge on distribution and genetic organization of the toxin genes, as well as mechanisms of enterotoxin gene regulation and toxin secretion. In this context, the exceptionally high variability of toxin production between single strains is highlighted. In addition, the mode of action of the pore-forming enterotoxins and their effect on target cells is described in detail. The main focus of this review are the two tripartite enterotoxin complexes Hbl and Nhe, but the latest findings on cereulide and CytK are also presented, as well as methods for toxin detection, and the contribution of further putative virulence factors to the diarrheal disease.

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“…The genetic diversity and toxin production was evaluated in food samples for 30 years and it was noted that most isolates present in Brazilian foods have potential to cause foodborne diseases due to the presence of toxin-producing genes (CHAVES et al, 2011), but without a specific genetic profile (SANTOS et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Bacillus cereus isolated during ultra high temperature milk production flowchart through random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction

et al. 2015

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RE-PCR variability and toxigenic profile of food poisoning, foodborne and soil-associated Bacillus cereus isolates from Brazil

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Characterization of Enterotoxigenic Bacillus cereus sensu lato and Staphylococcus aureus Isolates and Associated Enterotoxin Production Dynamics in Milk or Meat-Based Broth

Characterization of Enterotoxigenic Bacillus cereus sensu lato and Staphylococcus aureus Isolates and Associated Enterotoxin Production Dynamics in Milk or Meat-Based Broth

The Food Poisoning Toxins of Bacillus cereus

Detection of Bacillus cereus isolated during ultra high temperature milk production flowchart through random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction

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