Re-Evaluation of Calcium and Phosphorus Requirements of Laying Hens for Optimum Performance and Eggshell Quality

Keshavarz, K.; Nakajima, Shin-ichi

doi:10.3382/ps.0720144

Cited by 101 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Concomitantly, older laying quails absorb less calcium because of a reduction in the retention capacity of this mineral in the gut and increased mobilization of bone calcium, leading to increased production of eggs with thinner shells that chip or break more easily. However, when extra calcium is fed to quails with the lowest retention capacity, calcium passes through the digestive tract more quickly without being absorbed, which increases the rate of calcium excretion (KESHAVARZ; NAKAJIMA, 1993;ITO et al, 2006;PELÍCIA, 2008;MURATA et al, 2009;FERNANDES, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quail performance and egg quality at the end of production fed with varying levels of calcium

Souza

Calixto

Lemos

et al. 2016

SCA

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The goal of the present study was to evaluate the influence of increasing levels of dietary calcium on performance, egg quality, and the amount of calcium retained in the meat and excreted by Japanese quails at the final production. Four hundred 46-58-week-old Japanese quails were distributed in a completely randomized design consisting of five calcium level treatments: T1 = 2.95%, T2 = 3.25%, T3 = 3.55%, T4 = 3.85% and T5 = 4.15% calcium. The performance variables included feed intake (g bird -1day -1 ), egg production (%), feed conversion by egg mass and per dozen eggs, egg mass (g), and viability. For egg quality, we assessed egg weight, percentage of albumen, yolk weight, percentage of shell, and shell thickness. We also evaluated the amount of calcium present in the meat and the amount of calcium excreted by quails. Increasing levels of calcium linearly influenced feed conversion, weight of yolk, and percentage of eggshell. Shell thickness increased up to the 3.85% calcium treatment. Calcium content of the meat differed among the quails; the quails fed the lowest level of calcium (2.95%) showed higher calcium content in meat, whereas calcium excretion increased with increasing levels of calcium in the diet. In conclusion, the addition of 3.85% of calcium in quail feed at the end of production improved eggshell quality, and maintained internal quality and performance within the recommended standards for the production phase tested in quails. Levels higher than 3.85% calcium negatively influenced the parameters analyzed. Key words: Coturnix coturnix japonica. Digestibility. Eggshell thickness. ResumoO objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência de níveis crescentes de cálcio na dieta sobre o desempenho, a qualidade do ovo, e a quantidade de cálcio retido na carne e excretado por codornas japonesas em final da produção. distribuídas em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, sendo os tratamentos constituídos de cinco níveis de cálcio: T1 = 2,95%, T2 = 3,25%, T3 = 3,55%, T4 = 3,85% e T5 = 4,15%. As variáveis de desempenho incluíam o consumo de ração (g/ave/dia), produção de ovos (%), conversão alimentar por massa de ovo e por dúzia de ovos, massa de ovo (g), e viabilidade. Para a qualidade dos ovos foram avaliados o peso dos ovos, porcentagem de albúmen, peso da gema, porcentagem de casca e espessura da casca. Também foi avaliada a quantidade de cálcio presente na carne e a quantidade de cálcio excretado pelas codornas. O aumento dos níveis de cálcio influenciou linearmente a conversão alimentar, o peso de gema e a porcentagem de casca de ovo. A espessura da casca aumentou até o nível de inclusão de 3,85% de cálcio. O teor de cálcio da carne diferiu entre as codornas; as codornas alimentadas com o menor nível de cálcio (2,95%) apresentaram maior teor de cálcio na carne, enquanto a excreção de cálcio aumentou com o aumento dos níveis de cálcio na dieta. Em conclusão, a adição de 3,85% de cálcio na alimentação de codornas no final da produção melhorou a qualidade da casca do ovo, e...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quail performance and egg quality at the end of production fed with varying levels of calcium

Souza

Calixto

Lemos

et al. 2016

SCA

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“…However, the present experiment was carried out with laying hens in the second production cycle, and the retention rate of calcium varies according to the age. For young birds, this rate is around 60% while for older birds it is around 40% (14) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Egg weight involves three components: yolk, albumen, and eggshell (24) , and the albumen is the component found in the highest percentage (around 60% of the total weight of the egg) (25) . According to the data, heavier eggs corresponded to the heaviest albumen weights; therefore, the better composition of the WRB (14) may have contributed to the increase in albumen weight and hence in egg weight.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexo Enzimático E Farelo De Arroz Integral Sobre O Desempenho Produtivo E Qualidade Dos Ovos De Poedeiras Em Segundo Ciclo De Produção

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance as well as the quality of eggs from birds fed diets containing whole rice bran (RB), with or without the addition of an enzyme complex (EC) with different levels of metabolizable energy value. A total of 480 Hisex brown layers were used. The treatments consisted of diets based on corn (C), soybean meal (SBM), rice bran (RB), with or without the inclusion of the enzyme complex (EC) to the diets. Treatments 1, 2, 3, and 4 consisted of the presence of corn (C), soybean meal (SBM) and treatments 5, 6, 7, and 8 consisted of C, SBM, and 20% RB, with or without the inclusion the EC. Treatments 1, 3, 5, and 7 did not receive CE; however, in treatments 3 and 7 there was energy recovery of 100 kcal / kg (negative controls). The EC was added without energy recovery (on top) to treatments 2 and 6, and valued at 100 kcal / kg in treatments 4 and 8. Birds fed RB produced heavier eggs and yolk. Birds fed RB and that received the EC on top had higher feed intake. The highest Haugh unit and best feed conversion per dozen were observed in birds that received only the control treatment or the control diet supplemented with EC in a diet reformulated to 100 kcal ME/kg. Keywords

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“…In the present study, egg specific gravity decreased as birds aged. According to Keshavarz & Nakajima (1993), this is related to the reduction in calcium retention rates as a function of age, as they observed 60% calcium retention rate in young layers and 40% in older layers. This may be attributed to the fact that older hens have reduced calcium intestinal absorption and bone mobilization capacity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production aspects of broiler breeders submitted to different drinker types

Colvero

Carrijo

Garófallo

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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The objective of this study was of evaluate the influence of different drinker types on the egg production, water intake, mortality, poultry litter relative humidity, egg weight, eggshell percentage, and egg specific gravity of broiler breeders. The experiment was carried out in a commercial farm with 37-to 44-wk-old broiler breeders. A randomized block experimental design, consisting of two treatments (bell or nipple drinkers) with four replicates of 4.000 females each, was applied. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, and means were compared by the test of Student-Newman-Keuls at 5% significance level. Birds submitted to nipple drinkers presented lower water intake (p<0.05). There was no influence (p>0.05) of drinker type on egg production or mortality. Poultry litter relative humidity was lower (p<0.05) under the nipple-drinker system. Birds drinking from bell drinkers produced heavier eggs (p<0.05) between weeks 39 and 40. Hens drinking from bell drinkers laid eggs with higher specific gravity and eggshell percentage. It was concluded that nipple drinkers can be used for broiler breeders during lay.

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Re-Evaluation of Calcium and Phosphorus Requirements of Laying Hens for Optimum Performance and Eggshell Quality

Cited by 101 publications

References 25 publications

Quail performance and egg quality at the end of production fed with varying levels of calcium

Quail performance and egg quality at the end of production fed with varying levels of calcium

Complexo Enzimático E Farelo De Arroz Integral Sobre O Desempenho Produtivo E Qualidade Dos Ovos De Poedeiras Em Segundo Ciclo De Produção

Production aspects of broiler breeders submitted to different drinker types

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