Re-evaluation and extension of the scope of elements in US Geological Survey Standard Reference Water Samples†

Peart, Dale B.; Antweiler, Ronald C.; Taylor, Howard E.; Roth, David A.; Brinton, Terry I.

doi:10.1039/a706350d

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Exceptions are Cd in ERM-CA-403 and in SLRS-1, Co in SLRS-1, Mo in CASS-5, NASS-5 and NASS-6, Ni in BCR-403 and ERM-CA-403, U in CASS-5 and Zn in BCR-403. However, a re-evaluation of values for SLRS-1 by the USGS (Peart et al 1998) found different values for Co and Cd, which agree with the analysed data of this study. It is suspected that the measured aliquot of BCR-403 might have been contaminated with Ni and Zn due to the long-term storage and usage.…”

Section: Certified Elementssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Additionally, REE are anthropogenic tracers, as Gd is extensively released into the aquatic environment causing positive Gd anomalies in water bodies (Bau and Dulski 1996). The first literature values for REE in one of the presented CRMs were published by Peart et al (1998) for SLRS-1 and SLRS-3. A comprehensive list of other publications providing values for REE can be found in Table 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both methods allow the enrichment of analytes of interest and matrix reduction. Depending on the analysed elements and sample matrix, a direct measurement (e.g., Peart et al 1998 for river water or Field et al 2007 for bulk elements in seawater) or simple dilution (e.g., Leonhard et al 2002) can also be applied.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Seventeen Certified Water Reference Materials for Trace and Technology‐Critical Elements

Ebeling

Zimmermann

Klein

et al. 2022

Geostandard Geoanalytic Res

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Concentrations of elements in the aquatic environment are a key parameter for various scientific fields such as biogeochemistry, biology and environmental science. Within this context, the scientific community asks for new analytical protocols to be able to quantify more and more elements of the periodic table. Therefore, the requirements for aqueous reference materials have increased drastically. Even though a wide variety of CRMs of different water matrices are available, certified values of many elements (e.g., rare earth elements (REE), technology‐critical elements, such as Ga and In, and generally those elements which are not part of current monitoring regulations) do not yet exist. Therefore, the scientific community relies on published elemental concentrations of many CRMs provided by other researchers. Some elements of interest, such as the REE, are well studied and plenty of literature values exist. However, less studied elements, such as Ga and In, are rarely studied. In this study, an ‘externally’ calibrated quantification method based on an optimised online preconcentration method coupled with ICP‐MS/MS was used for the quantification of thirty‐four elements. The method was applied to seventeen water CRMs covering freshwater, brackish water and seawater. The measured data are combined with a comprehensive literature review on non‐certified values in selected water CRMs, and new consensus values are suggested for various non‐certified elements.

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Section: Certified Elementssupporting

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Seventeen Certified Water Reference Materials for Trace and Technology‐Critical Elements

Ebeling

Zimmermann

Klein

et al. 2022

Geostandard Geoanalytic Res

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“…Certified reference materials for dissolved constituents from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) included SRM 1643c and 1643d. In addition, 16 secondary reference materials were used for the elements for which ''most probable values'' were reported (Peart et al 1998). For all other elements, including rare earths, standards were prepared by the dilution of concentrates supplied by High Purity Standards, Inc. (Charleston, SC).…”

Section: Quality Assurancementioning

confidence: 99%

Selected Trace Elements in the Sacramento River, California: Occurrence and Distribution

Taylor

Antweiler

Roth

et al. 2011

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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The impact of trace elements from the Iron Mountain Superfund site on the Sacramento River and selected tributaries is examined. The concentration and distribution of many trace elements-including aluminum, arsenic, boron, barium, beryllium, bismuth, cadmium, cerium, cobalt, chromium, cesium, copper, dysprosium, erbium, europium, iron, gadolinium, holmium, potassium, lanthanum, lithium, lutetium, manganese, molybdenum, neodymium, nickel, lead, praseodymium, rubidium, rhenium, antimony, selenium, samarium, strontium, terbium, thallium, thulium, uranium, vanadium, tungsten, yttrium, ytterbium, zinc, and zirconium-were measured using a combination of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. Samples were collected using ultraclean techniques at selected sites in tributaries and the Sacramento River from below Shasta Dam to Freeport, California, at six separate time periods from mid-1996 to mid-1997. Trace-element concentrations in dissolved (ultrafiltered [0.005-μm pore size]) and colloidal material, isolated at each site from large volume samples, are reported. For example, dissolved Zn ranged from 900 μg/L at Spring Creek (Iron Mountain acid mine drainage into Keswick Reservoir) to 0.65 μg/L at the Freeport site on the Sacramento River. Zn associated with colloidal material ranged from 4.3 μg/L (colloid-equivalent concentration) in Spring Creek to 21.8 μg/L at the Colusa site on the Sacramento River. Virtually all of the trace elements exist in Spring Creek in the dissolved form. On entering Keswick Reservoir, the metals are at least partially converted by precipitation or adsorption to the particulate phase. Despite this observation, few of the elements are removed by settling; instead the majority is transported, associated with colloids, downriver, at least to the Bend Bridge site, which is 67 km from Keswick Dam. Most trace elements are strongly associated with the colloid phase going downriver under both low- and high-flow conditions.

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“…elements extended. 264 A variety of techniques were employed including ICP-MS, ID-ICP-MS, ICP-AES and CV-AFS. The ICP-MS and fluorimetric detection systems were successfully coupled with HPLC for the speciation of Al in water samples.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Preservation Rain And Snow 132 Multi-i...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of cadmium and lead in human urine by STAT-FAAS after enrichment on activated carbon

Cave¹,

Butler²,

Cook³

et al. 1999

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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Air analysis 3.7.2 Developments in other inorganic mass 1.1 Sample collection and pretreatment spectrometric techniques 1.2 Instrumental analysis 3.8 Developments in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry 1.2.1 Atomic absorption and atomic emission 3.9 Developments in X-ray absorption spectrometry spectrometry Table 3 Summary of analyses of soils, plants and 1.2.2 Atomic fluorescence spectrometry related materials 1.2.3 X-ray fluorescence spectrometry 4 Analysis of geological materials 1.2.4 Mass spectrometry -HClO 4 -HF mixture. Working range of the method was 50-500 mg. LOD 125 mg m−3. Spiked recoveries in the range 98-102% were obtained Hg Rural air AF;CV;G Gas phase HgII collected on KCl coated denuder tubes (described ), desorbed with 1  HCl prior to analysis. Denuder tube showed 98% collection efficiency and did not trap elemental Hg. Concentrations in air were found to be 0.040.15 ng m−3 Hg Ambient air AFS;CV;S Comparison of methods for sampling and analysis of particulates undertaken Hg Urban air AF;CV;S Total particulate mercury ( TPM ) determined using a combined particulate trap/ pyrolyzer based instrument. TPM levels in metropolitan Toronto determined to be in the range 3-91 pg m−3. Preliminary measurements in the Arctic Circle indicated that atmospheric Hg transferred from the gas to particulate phase, as a result of surface ozone depletion chemistry Hg Air AF;-;G Portable instrument with bispiral gold collector developed and evaluated. Calibration using a syringe technique (saturated Hg vapour). Analytical range 1-10 000 ng m−3; LOD 1 pg; precision 5% at 500 pg level Hg Flue gas AF;-;G Commercial AF system with gold amalgamation collector adapted for continuous emission monitoring Hg Exhaled air AF;-;G Commercial AF system with gold amalgamation collection based system adapted for breath sampling Kr Atmospheric MS;-;G Kr81 measured using mass spectrometric techniques samples Pb Ultrafine aerosols AE;F;S Differential mobility particle sizer used to segregate particle sizes. Air-acetylene AF;laser;S flame and LIP used as atomization sources. AE system with a CCD detector also used Pb Ultrafine aerosols AE;F;S See ref. 18 AF;laser;S Pb Street dust MS;ICP;L Total and isotope ratios measured in street dust collected in Manchester and AA;ETA;L Paris. Differences in concentrations and ratios discussed Pb Coal fly-ash AA;ETA;Sl Ground sample mixed with xanthan gum in dilute nitric acid. Suspension subsequently analysed Pb Indoor air AA;ETA;S,Sl Filter cut with a paper punch and a 3 mm diameter disc introduced into the furnace. Fine particles passing through the filter during collection were collected in a dilute HNO 3 solution. Cation exchange fibre was added and the slurry fibre introduced into the furnace Po Airborne RIMS;-;S Chemical isolation from sample followed by electrolytic deposition as hydroxide particulate on a Ta backing which is covered with a Ti layer. By heating the metallic sandwich an atom beam of Po atoms can be produced. LOD 106-107 atoms Pt Airborne MS;ICP;L Methodology explored; limitations ...

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Re-evaluation and extension of the scope of elements in US Geological Survey Standard Reference Water Samples†

Abstract: More than 100 US Geological Survey (USGS) StandardReference Water Samples (SRWSs) were analyzed for numerous trace constituents, including Al,

Cited by 21 publications

References 8 publications

Analysis of Seventeen Certified Water Reference Materials for Trace and Technology‐Critical Elements

Analysis of Seventeen Certified Water Reference Materials for Trace and Technology‐Critical Elements

Selected Trace Elements in the Sacramento River, California: Occurrence and Distribution

Determination of cadmium and lead in human urine by STAT-FAAS after enrichment on activated carbon

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