Determination of cadmium and lead in human urine by STAT-FAAS after enrichment on activated carbon

Cave, Mark; Butler, Owen T.; Cook, Jennifer M.; Cresser, Malcolm S.; Garden, Louise M.; Holden, Alexis J.; Miles, Douglas L.

doi:10.1039/a900079h

Cited by 15 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Direct solid analysis of Pt has been largely studied in the literature especially for environmental [14], geological [15] or catalysts analysis [16]. LA-ICP-MS is often used but X-ray fluorescence, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry can also be employed [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast quantitative determination of platinum in liquid samples by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

et al. 2012

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The potential of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for the rapid determination of platinum in liquid silicone oils has been evaluated in the framework of on-line process control. A comparison of LIBS sensitivity between three setups designed for liquid analysis (static, liquid jet and flowing liquid) was performed using a 266 nm Nd/YAG laser irradiation. Best results were obtained using the flowing liquid setup and a similar limit of detection was obtained using the liquid jet. The effect of different buffer gases (Ar, He, N 2 , etc.) on the signal sensitivity was studied in liquid jet analysis and best values were obtained with a nitrogen sheath gas. Detection limits were in the 100 mg/kg range for both setups. Quantitative determination of platinum in real liquid samples was also investigated using both liquid jet and flowing liquid setups. Calibration curves were plotted for Pt with the liquid jet and the flowing liquid setups under optimised temporal acquisition parameters (delay time and gate width). A normalisation using a silicon line was applied and recovery ranged from 3 to 15 % for Pt in catalyst samples with both setups showing that LIBS is a sensitive and accurate method for online applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast quantitative determination of platinum in liquid samples by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

et al. 2012

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Stoeppler¹

2000

References Materials for Chemical Analysis

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IntroductionThis Chapter is concerned with quality and chemical analysis. While it can be shown that the required quality as expressed in terms of sensitivity, speed of analysis etc. is, to some extent, dependent on the particular application for which the analysis is used, in all situations these factors need to be known and features such as accuracy and precision should be as good as can be achieved. Thus, how can the quality of an analysis be measured, how can good quality be achieved, and how can good quality be maintained?Reference materials play an essential role in answering those aspects of these quality issues that relate particularly to accuracy and precision although they are also relevant to related concepts such as traceability, trueness and uncertainty ( I S 0 1993, Kristiansen and Christensen 1998). In the use of reference materials (RMs) for these purposes, a clear distinction is made between certified and non-certified reference materials. Highly characterized certified (or standard) reference materials (CRMs, SRMs), with analyte concentrations carefully defined using techniques which afford the very best accuracy, in laboratories with experience and expertise in this type of work, are extremely valuable items. They are also extremely costly. Much of the work to be described here is achieved with well prepared, stable, homogeneous materials where the analyte concentrations are unknown or are given by less rigorous protocols, and are not claimed to be certified. Nevertheless, as shown below, for those applications where such materials are readily available, either from commercial suppliers or as home-produced reagents, they have equally important €unctions when looking at analyhcal quality.A further distinction is made between pure solutions and matrix-based RMs. The former are available for many organic and inorganic analytes, with certified concentrations, but their role in quality control and assessment is limited. They may be used for the preparation of calibration solutions for a particular measurement but more usually these materials represent the base for traceability, through secondary

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Application of zirconium–iridium permanent modifier for the simultaneous determination of lead, cadmium, arsenic, and nickel in atmospheric particulate matter by multi-element electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Pasias

Thomaidis

Bakeas

et al. 2013

Environ Monit Assess

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A novel and robust method for the simultaneous determination of lead, cadmium, arsenic, and nickel in atmospheric particulate matter by multi-element electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry was developed, using zirconium-iridium coating as permanent modifier (140 μg Zr and 4 μg Ir). After 300 atomization cycles, it was necessary to add 2 μg of Ir. Due to the varying concentrations of Pb in atmospheric particulate matter, lead was monitored at two wavelengths, at the less sensitive line of 261.4 nm for high concentration samples (>20 μg L(-1)) or at 283.3 nm for the low concentration samples. Matrix-matched calibration had to be performed for quantitative recoveries (96-102 %). Following this approach, the four elements were determined in atmospheric particulate matter samples from an industrial area near the city of Athens in two different time periods (cold-warm) with limits of detection of 5.5 ng m(-3) for Pb at 261.4 nm and 0.29 ng m(-3) at 283.3 nm, 0.019 ng m(-3) for Cd, 0.14 ng m(-3) for As, and 0.22 ng m(-3) for Ni. Lead, Cd, and As levels were very low, whereas Ni content was at comparable levels with other areas worldwide.

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Determination of cadmium and lead in human urine by STAT-FAAS after enrichment on activated carbon

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Fast quantitative determination of platinum in liquid samples by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Fast quantitative determination of platinum in liquid samples by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Particular Developments

Application of zirconium–iridium permanent modifier for the simultaneous determination of lead, cadmium, arsenic, and nickel in atmospheric particulate matter by multi-element electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

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