Rational design of a meso phosphate-substituted pyronin as a type I photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy

Abstract

Type I photodynamic therapy (PDT) with less oxygen consumption shows great potential to overcome malignant hypoxia in solid tumors. Herein, a novel meso phosphate substituted pyronin PY-P and its nanoparticles...

Rational design of type-I photosensitizer molecules for mitochondrion-targeted photodynamic therapy

“…Compared to other PSs, the SN series has an ultralow concentration of phototoxicity. 12,18,19,[43][44][45][46][47] (Table S5, ESI †) This finding indicates the great potential of the SN series for PDT treatment. To investigate the subcellular targeting ability of the SN complex, the SN series was coincubated with 4T-1 cells.…”

An electron-accepting half-sandwich iridium(iii) complex for the treatment of hypoxic tumors via synergetic chemo- and phototherapy

“…27 Introduction of electron-deficient acceptor units to photosensitizers may offer an effective way for the construction of type I photosensitizers, which can not only improve the electron affinity but also stabilize the external electrons, thus facilitating the formation of PS •− . 28 PDT-induced oxidation of biomolecules (e.g., NADH, GSH, lipid, etc.) is considered one of the main factors for killing cancer cells.…”

Recent advances in type I organic photosensitizers for efficient photodynamic therapy for overcoming tumor hypoxia

“…71 Wang's group reported a Fig. 10 Chemical structures of 14-15 64,65 and 16-19. [67][68][69][70] glutathione-hydrogen peroxide (GSH-H 2 O 2 ) co-responsive aPS with a dual type photosensitizing capability.…”

“…Zhou et al reported pyronin-based type I PS ( 15 ) with strong electron-withdrawing phosphate group. 65 The optimized LUMO level of −5.66 eV and presumable existence of five representative resonance structures endowed 15 with the potential to generate and stabilize the radical anions through a type I process. However, 15 was susceptible to nucleophilic reagents due to the high electrophilicity at the meso position.…”