Rapid TLC with Densitometry for Evaluation of Naproxen Stability

Abstract

The purpose of the work was to develop such chromatographic conditions that allowed to separate as many naproxen degradation products as possible. In order to follow this process, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) coupled with densitometry and spectrodensitometry was used. A forced degradation study was performed using an ethanolic solution of naproxen spotted on silica gel plates, existing in the form of an aqueous solution at various pH values, and as solution prepared in saline and in hydrogen peroxide. Degradative effect of UV light on naproxen was watched in the context of naproxen spotted on plates precoated with silica gel and exposed to UV light, and also for its solution treated with UV light. However, the solution of naproxen prepared in water at pH ≈ 2.60 undergoes the largest changes as the results of its exposure to UV light during 10 h. Stressed samples of naproxen were analyzed by using a new and well validated TLC procedure including toluene (TOL)—acetone (ACE)—chloroform (CHL) (2:5:12, v/v/v) as mobile phase A and glacial acetic acid (AcOH)—n-hexane (Hex)—acetone (ACE)-(0.10:10:10, v/v/v) as mobile phase B. As the newly developed TLC-densitometric method can effectively separate the substances about pharmaceutical significance from products of its degradation, which are formed as a result of stress studies, is considered to be a good alternative and important tool in routine quality control and stability testing of naproxen in pharmaceutical formulations. These results indicate that proposed TLC-densitometric method is cost-effective, rapid, specific, accurate, and precise. This TLC procedure is comparable to HPLC and UPLC method in terms of detection the number of degradation products of naproxen. In addition, it realizes the criterion of linearity. A major advantage and novelty of proposed method is its low cost and ability to analyze examined drug and all degradation products simultaneously, including those which can be observed under intensive UV radiation exposure of naproxen solution which are not described by previous HPTLC studies available in the literature.

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“…Furthermore, these compounds have characteristic UV activities. TLC densitometry has been introduced in the scientific literature due to its advantages. − The method itself is mostly utilized in the field of pharmacognosy, quantifying bioactive components of drugs and food materials such as L-theanine, histamine, cadaverine, spermidine, tyramine, putrescine, rosmarinic acid, and flavonoids. − The authors also introduced new aspects of TLC densitometry; specifically, the use of a densitometer was changed to the use of digital cameras or even newer smartphones with cameras . The principle of the method relies on the simultaneous elution, derivatization (if needed), and recording of the reference matter (as a calibration series) and the analyte sample on the very same TLC plate.…”

“…TLC densitometry has been introduced in the scientific literature due to its advantages. 49 − 52 The method itself is mostly utilized in the field of pharmacognosy, quantifying bioactive components of drugs and food materials such as L-theanine, histamine, cadaverine, spermidine, tyramine, putrescine, rosmarinic acid, and flavonoids. 49 − 54 The authors also introduced new aspects of TLC densitometry; specifically, the use of a densitometer was changed to the use of digital cameras or even newer smartphones with cameras.…”