“…Abscisic acid, auxins like 2,4-D, etc.) along with explants source, carbohydrates, and nitrogen source plays a crucial role for initiation or inhibition in embryogenic cells and tissues (Dewanti et al 2016). Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Currently, the development of somatic embryogenesis through callus and suspension culture has great potential for propagation at a rapid rate (Dewanti et al 2016). It was reported that all the regenerated plants from the tissue culture are not true-to-type like the parent.…”
The aim of this study was to produce sugarcane plantlets from cell suspension culture and study its genetic fidelity using molecular markers. The study was carried out using sugarcane varieties Co 86032 and Q117. Callus cultures of both the varieties were optimized using six different callus induction media. After screening the growth response of callus on six different callus induction media, it was observed that medium no. VI supplemented with 500 mg l−1 of each PVP, Casein hydrolysate and MES buffer showed high amounts of callus in Co 86032 (79.66 ± 0.44%) and Q117 (82.83 ± 1.69%). Addition of PEG 8000 at 2.5% to this medium had a profound impact on inducing somatic embryogenesis in Co 86032 (54.66 ± 1.76%) and Q117 (66.66 ± 2.60%) as compare to control (24.33 ± 1.76%) and (27.33 ± 2.73%), respectively. Cell suspension cultures were established by culturing embryogenic calli in liquid medium showed well established suspension cultures with fever cell aggregates. There was negligible cell division during initial 2 days of incubation and cell count increased rapidly between 2 and 8 days. Further incubation beyond 8 days resulted in a decrease in cell viability. Enhanced callus proliferation in Q117 while enhanced shoot regeneration in Co 86032 was observed from cell suspension culture. The clonal fidelity of in vitro regenerated plants was assessed by using RAPD and ISSR markers. Analysis of the ten RAPD markers indicated that 90.48 and 86.95% true-to-type regenerated plantlets in Co 86032 and Q117, respectively. However, in the ISSR markers, Co 86032 did not show any polymorphism and in the Q117, 92.18% true-to-type plantlets were found. These results confirmed that somaclonal variation occurs during the process of indirect organogenesis and RAPD and ISSR marker based molecular analysis is a suitable method for an early detection of variation in sugarcane.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13205-016-0579-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
“…Abscisic acid, auxins like 2,4-D, etc.) along with explants source, carbohydrates, and nitrogen source plays a crucial role for initiation or inhibition in embryogenic cells and tissues (Dewanti et al 2016). Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Currently, the development of somatic embryogenesis through callus and suspension culture has great potential for propagation at a rapid rate (Dewanti et al 2016). It was reported that all the regenerated plants from the tissue culture are not true-to-type like the parent.…”
The aim of this study was to produce sugarcane plantlets from cell suspension culture and study its genetic fidelity using molecular markers. The study was carried out using sugarcane varieties Co 86032 and Q117. Callus cultures of both the varieties were optimized using six different callus induction media. After screening the growth response of callus on six different callus induction media, it was observed that medium no. VI supplemented with 500 mg l−1 of each PVP, Casein hydrolysate and MES buffer showed high amounts of callus in Co 86032 (79.66 ± 0.44%) and Q117 (82.83 ± 1.69%). Addition of PEG 8000 at 2.5% to this medium had a profound impact on inducing somatic embryogenesis in Co 86032 (54.66 ± 1.76%) and Q117 (66.66 ± 2.60%) as compare to control (24.33 ± 1.76%) and (27.33 ± 2.73%), respectively. Cell suspension cultures were established by culturing embryogenic calli in liquid medium showed well established suspension cultures with fever cell aggregates. There was negligible cell division during initial 2 days of incubation and cell count increased rapidly between 2 and 8 days. Further incubation beyond 8 days resulted in a decrease in cell viability. Enhanced callus proliferation in Q117 while enhanced shoot regeneration in Co 86032 was observed from cell suspension culture. The clonal fidelity of in vitro regenerated plants was assessed by using RAPD and ISSR markers. Analysis of the ten RAPD markers indicated that 90.48 and 86.95% true-to-type regenerated plantlets in Co 86032 and Q117, respectively. However, in the ISSR markers, Co 86032 did not show any polymorphism and in the Q117, 92.18% true-to-type plantlets were found. These results confirmed that somaclonal variation occurs during the process of indirect organogenesis and RAPD and ISSR marker based molecular analysis is a suitable method for an early detection of variation in sugarcane.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13205-016-0579-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
“…Genetic improvement of crops is the key element of efforts to address pressures on the worldwide food security and nutrition [ 24 ]. Recently, the somatic embryogenesis achievement through tissue culture has an excessive capacity for propagation at fast frequency [ 25 ]. It has been stated that all the redeveloped plants from the tissue culture are same as their parents.…”
Sugarcane is a significant crop plant with the capability of accumulating higher amount of sucrose. In the present study, a high sucrose content sugarcane mutant clone, GXB9, has been studied in comparison to the low sucrose mother clone B9 on morphological, agronomical and physiological level in order to scrutinize the variation because of mutation in GXB9 in field under normal environmental condition. The results showed that GXB9 has less germination, tillering rate, stalk height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, number of internodes, internode length and internode diameter than B9. Qualitative traits of leaf and stalk displayed significant variation between GXB9 and B9. Endogenous hormones quantity was also showed variation between the two clones. The relative SPAD reading and chlorophyll a, b concentrations also showed variation between GXB9 and B9. The photosynthetic parameter analysis indicated that the GXB9 has significantly higher net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) than B9. The qRT-PCR analysis of genes encoding enzymes like SPS, SuSy, CWIN, and CeS showed upregulation in GXB9 and downregulation in B9. However, these genes were significantly differentially expressed between the immature and maturing internodes of GXB9. The cane quality trait analysis showed that GXB9 had higher juice rate, juice gravity purity, brix, juice sucrose content and cane sucrose content than B9. The yield and component investigation results indicated that GXB9 had lower single stalk weight, however higher number of millable stalks per hectare than B9, and GXB9 had lower theoretical cane yield than B9. SSR marker analysis showed genetic variation between GXB9 and B9. This study has shown significant variation in the traits of GXB9 in comparison to B9 which advocates that GXB9 is a high sugar mutant clone of B9 and an elite source for future breeding.
“…Using virus-free seedlings is the primary way to control plant virus diseases 5,6 . Dewant et al 7 developed somatic embryo propagation technology to produce virus-free sugarcane seedlings, and were able to achieve a virus removal rate of 100% using growing medium containing Triazole Nucleoside (20 mg/L) and acyclovir (40 mg/L). A procedure for the in vitro elimination of SCMV, SrMV, SCSMV, and SCYLV from infected sugarcane has also been developed, and virus detection results found that the virus elimination rate following apical meristem culture was 61-92%, whereas the virus removal rate using axillary bud meristem culture was 90% 8 .…”
The effects of increasing yield and quality of virus-free chewing cane seedlings and their physiological and molecular basis were studied in this study. Results showed that compared with infected seedlings (the control), the yield of chewing cane stems grown from virus-free seedlings increased by 21.81-29.93%, stem length increased by 28.66-34.49 cm, internode length increased by 2.16-2.68 cm, the single stem weight increased by 20.10-27.68%, the reducing sugar increased by 0.91-1.15% (absolute value), and sucrose increased by − 0.06-1.33% (absolute value). The decrease in sucrose content did not reach significant level, but all other parameters were reached significant level. The chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters such as stomatal conductance (Gs), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr), the activity of photosynthetic key enzymes ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), and gene (pepc, rbcS, and rbcL) expression levels were all greater in virus-free seedlings than infected seedlings. The content of superoxide anion (O 2 −) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in virus-free seedlings was lower than infected seedlings at the main growth stage. With increased development, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were gradually higher in virus-free seedlings than infected seedlings. our results indicate that virus-free seedlings may improve photosynthesis efficiency and promote photosynthesis by increasing chlorophyll content, photosynthetic key enzyme activity, and the gene expression levels in leaves. By increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, reducing the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation, and improving the stress resistance of chewing cane, the virus-free chewing cane seedlings increased yield and quality. Our findings provide a scientific and theoretical basis for the promotion and application of virus-free chewing cane seedlings. Saccharum cultivar is a high photosynthetic efficiency C 4 crop composed of both sugar cane (Saccharum hybrids spp.) and chewing cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) that is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Sugar cane is a hybrid species that contains a high fiber and sucrose content, and is primarily grown for raw material for sugar production. Chewing cane is grown of its low fiber content and high reducing sugar content. It is also rich in a number of essential amino acids and iron elements and is primarily consumed as a fresh fruit 1. Chewing cane is widely planted in many countries around the world, but especially in Southeast Asia, the South Pacific, and China 2. In China, the planting area of chewing cane reached 230,000 hm 2 per year, and output exceeded 35 million tons. Chewing cane is an asexually propagated crop (using seed cane as propagator), and the most widely grown cultivar is 'Badila' and similar variant lines 3. After several decades of continuous planting, it has been found that chewing cane can become infect...
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