Rapid formation of aerobic granular sludge by bioaugmentation technology: A review

New insights into bioaugmented removal of sulfamethoxazole in sediment microcosms: degradation efficiency, ecological risk and microbial mechanisms

“…Microbial degradation is the main pathway for the removal of SA [ 2 , 44 ], and the key factor impeding fast and complete attenuation of SA is likely the absence or low abundance of potent metabolic microorganisms in contaminated ecosystems, which also accounts for the slow degradation of other organic pollutants (e.g., PAHs) [ 45 , 46 ]. Bioaugmentation, an effective approach to accelerate the natural attenuation of pollutants by introducing exogenous functional microorganisms, has been successfully implemented in several fields including soil remediation and activated sludge treatment processes [ 14 , 15 ]. Recently, some researchers have also suggested that bioaugmentation technology can improve the removal of SA from biofilm reactor, membrane bioreactor, and activated sludge [ 17 , 18 , 47 ], but the feasibility and mechanisms of bioaugmentation application in the natural environment (e.g., sediment) still need to be explored.…”

“…Microbial degradation is the major pathway in the process of SA clean-up in the environments; thus, bioaugmentation-based remediation is an effective approach to accelerate the attenuation of SA in situ [ 11 ]. Bioaugmentation has been successfully implemented in many fields such as soil remediation and activated sludge treatment, and it effectively enhances the removal efficiency of pollutants such as pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyl, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [ 12 – 15 ]. Plenty of microorganisms capable of degrading SA have been isolated from diverse environments, and their potential applications in the clean-up of SA-contaminated environments have been preliminarily evaluated [ 16 – 18 ].…”

Microbial Ecology of Granular Biofilm Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: A Review

“…EPS producers have been reported as an essential part of granule formation and stability; the more EPS producers in a granule, the denser and more stable it is [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. EPSs are also involved in cell protection, impeding the direct contact of microorganisms with toxic substances [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

“…Filamentous bacteria and fungal mycelium have been described as the backbone of aerobic granules due to their ability to increase the surface in which other microorganisms can be adsorbed, accelerating the granulation process [ 17 , 22 , 24 ]. Fungi could be more implied in granule formation when pH is low, whereas, at a higher pH, filamentous bacteria are more involved than fungi [ 32 ].…”

Unifying concepts in methanogenic, aerobic, and anammox sludge granulation

“…Amendment of as a support material for anammox granulation has also successfully shortened start-up times from 109 to 94 d [ 72 ]. Fungal spores or mycelial pellets have been demonstrated to improve aerobic granulation by providing a structure on which bacteria can attach and initiate granule formation [ 73 ]. The addition of fungal pellets to an SBR sped up granulation by over 30 days compared to non-amended controls [ 74 ].…”