Rapid and high biodegradation of phenols catalyzed by Candida tropicalis NCIM 3556 cells

Varma, Rita; Gaikwad, Bhaskar G.

doi:10.1016/j.enzmictec.2008.07.008

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Khleifat [15] explained that the quantity of the enzymes is the same but it is the time of early or late expression of catabolic genes that makes the difference. Additionally, a study by Varma and Gaikwad [24] for biodegradation of phenol by the yeast Candida tropicalis NCMI 3556 revealed that grown cells (already exiting the exponential phase) could degrade 100% of 2000 mg/l phenol whereas only 32% could be degraded when phenol was added to a medium with growing cells (still in the exponential phase). More elaborate studies should be directed to this issue.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Behavior in Biodegradation of 2, 4 Dichlorophenol: Is It a Starvation Effect?

Al-Khalid¹,

El‐Naas²

2013

IJCEA

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Abstract-Batch experiments were carried out to examine the biomass acclimatization during the aerobic biodegradation of 2, 4 dichlorophenol (2, 4 DCP) by Pseudomonas putida immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel pellets in a bubble column bioreactor. The bacteria was acclimatized to 2, 4 DCP with concentrations of up to 200 mg/l, with and without the addition of glucose. After the acclimatization, experiments were carried out with initial 2, 4 DCP concentrations ranging from 25 to 100 mg/l. In the course of the study, a phenomenon was noticed that can be related to the effect of carbon starvation on the biodegradation ability of the bacterial cells. This paper presents the results on this phenomenon. Starved cells showed higher growth and degradation rates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Behavior in Biodegradation of 2, 4 Dichlorophenol: Is It a Starvation Effect?

Al-Khalid¹,

El‐Naas²

2013

IJCEA

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“…Phenol removal was 76.76 % at optimal conditions. Glucose addition up to a specific low concentration could improve the degradation rate, but Alcaligenes faecalis Thomas et al (2002) Candida species Ehrhardt and Rehm (1985), Varma and Gaikwad (2008), Jiang et al (2010) Aspergillus sp. Passos et al (2010) Rhodococcus erythropolis Zidkova et al (2012) Pseudomonas stutzeri Viggiani et al (2006) Bacillus brevis Arutchelvan et al (2006) impeded the degradation process at higher concentrations.…”

Section: Aerobic Biodegradation Of Phenolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenols are the major organic constituents found in effluents of coal conversion processes, coke ovens, petroleum refineries, phenolic resin manufacturing, herbicide manufacturing, fiberglass manufacturing and petrochemicals (El-Ashtoukhy et al 2013;Veeresh et al 2004;Jadhav and Vanjara 2004). Phenol and its derivatives are a major source of environmental pollutants (Said et al 2013;Varma and Gaikwad 2008). Phenol, a waste product of industrial processes that is introduced into aquatic ecosystems, adversely affects the indigenous biota, including algae, protozoa, invertebrates, and vertebrates (Babich and Davis 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological removal of phenol from wastewaters: a mini review

Pradeep¹,

Anupama²,

Navya³

et al. 2014

Appl Water Sci

176

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Phenol and its derivatives are common water pollutants and include wide variety of organic chemicals. Phenol poisoning can occur by skin absorption, inhalation, ingestion and various other methods which can result in health effects. High exposures to phenol may be fatal to human beings. Accumulation of phenol creates toxicity both for flora and fauna. Therefore, removal of phenol is crucial to perpetuate the environment and individual. Among various treatment methods available for removal of phenols, biodegradation is environmental friendly. Biological methods are gaining importance as they convert the wastes into harmless end products. The present work focuses on assessment of biological removal (biodegradation) of phenol. Various factors influence the efficiency of biodegradation of phenol such as ability of the microorganism, enzymes involved, the mechanism of degradation and influencing factors. This study describes about the sources of phenol, adverse effects on the environment, microorganisms involved in the biodegradation (aerobic and anaerobic) and enzymes that polymerize phenol.

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“…In a column, in contrast, as feed is passed slowly, exposure to phenol is less, therefore, even in the absence of stirring and aeration, the cells perform efficiently for a longer period. Thus, C. tropicalis NCIM 3556 cells, which rapidly degraded 2 g phenol 1 -1 in just 16 h (Varma and Gaikwad 2008), were entrapped in calcium alginate beads for continuous bioremediation of phenol. Chung et al (2003) also observed that immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida showed a higher tolerance for phenol (1,000 mg l -1 ) as compared to free cells (600 mg l -1 ).…”

Section: Optimization Of Immobilization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous study, we reported a strain of C. tropicalis, NCIM 3556, which rapidly degraded 2 g phenol 1 -1 in just 16 h (Varma and Gaikwad 2008). The present work explores the possibilities of improving the efficiency and commercial viability of the process in a bioreactor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Continuous phenol biodegradation in a simple packed bed bioreactor of calcium alginate-immobilized Candida tropicalis (NCIM 3556)

Varma

Gaikwad

2009

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Phenol biodegradation in a continuous system of immobilized Candida tropicalis NCIM 3556 was studied. The bioreactor was simple, it had a feed inlet from the bottom and the effluent outlet from top, no supplementary oxygen was supplied, the reactor was operated continuously for 116 days. Initially the column was run continuously with a feed concentration of 2 g l -1 for 42 days whence a degradation of[97% was achieved. The feed concentration was then increased to 3 g l -1 , for which a *80% biodegradation was sustained for 90 days after which there was a steady decrease in the performance. When the phenol degradation was reduced to *50% in 116 days, the reactor was stopped. The efficiency of free cells recycled every 24 h and immobilized cells were compared; it was estimated that repeated reuse of free cells in batch mode gave an overall efficiency of 0.102 g phenol degradation g -1 cell wet weight in 12 days. In contrast, the immobilized system of the same biomass had a longer working lifetime of *4 months indicating an efficiency of 3.72 g phenol g -1 cell wet wt.

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Rapid and high biodegradation of phenols catalyzed by Candida tropicalis NCIM 3556 cells

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Transient Behavior in Biodegradation of 2, 4 Dichlorophenol: Is It a Starvation Effect?

Transient Behavior in Biodegradation of 2, 4 Dichlorophenol: Is It a Starvation Effect?

Biological removal of phenol from wastewaters: a mini review

Continuous phenol biodegradation in a simple packed bed bioreactor of calcium alginate-immobilized Candida tropicalis (NCIM 3556)

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