Rain Interception in a Secondary Fragment of Araucaria Forest With Faxinal, Guarapuava-Pr

Thomaz, Edivaldo Lopes; Antoneli, Valdemir

doi:10.1590/01047760201521031736

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…After some changes in land management since the 1970s, the remaining pasture lands with scattered trees have passed from being the largest land use to be a marginal practice in areas which are unsuitable for cultivation (size < 2 ha, slope > 20%) [7]. They are usually managed by smallholders involving family labor for extensive livestock husbandry of cattle and goats for self-consumption and equines for daily agricultural activities [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Erosion Induced by the Introduction of New Pasture Species in a Faxinal Farm of Southern Brazil

et al. 2018

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The faxinal management system is an endangered agro-silvopastoral system which forms part of the local traditional management in the Paraná federal state (Brazil). Significant changes in land management since the 1970s caused farmers to look for alternatives to increase the productivity of their farms. The introduction of new pasture species is causing land degradation problems, of which soil erosion is the most important challenge. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the environmental consequences of introducing exotic pasture species, such as Brachiaria decumbens. To achieve this goal, ten erosion plots were installed with exotic and native pastures (Paspalum notatum Flüggé) to quantify soil and water losses in paired plots. Total rainfall per event, soil properties (soil cover, texture, organic matter, bulk density, porosity, and soil penetration resistance), and pasture production were also estimated. Our results showed a decrease in organic matter and porosity and an increase of the bulk density in the exotic pasture plots. Soil erosion monitoring showed higher soil losses for the exotic cultivated plots (359.8 g m −2 or 3.6 mg ha −1) than for the native plots (90.7 g m −2 or 0.91 mg ha −1). The highest percentage of bare soil surfaces and compaction coincided with the highest soil erosion rates measured in the exotic pastures. However, the mean fodder production in the exotic plots was almost five times higher (987 kg DM ha −1) than in the native ones (204 kg DM ha −1). These findings confirm that farmers have an internal conflict. They want to optimize the production of fodder, but this leads to high soil erosion rates and reduces soil fertility in the medium-and long-term. The traditional, less productive pastoral system is more sustainable from an environmental and cultural point of view. However, this system may not be sustainable from an economic point of view.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Erosion Induced by the Introduction of New Pasture Species in a Faxinal Farm of Southern Brazil

et al. 2018

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“…Essa diferença nos níveis de interceptação pode ser comprovada pela análise estatística na qual a primeira classe diferiu estatisticamente, ao nível de 5% de significância, da última classe. Os resultados obtidos na área de estudo são condizentes aos já observados na literatura (MOURA et al, 2009;THOMAZ;ANTONELI, 2015).…”

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Características Das Chuvas E Interceptação Vegetal No Bioma Caatinga

Brasil

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et al. 2017

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CARACTERÍSTICAS DAS CHUVAS E INTERCEPTAÇÃO VEGETAL NO BIOMA CAATINGA JOSÉ BANDEIRA BRASIL1; HELBA ARAÚJO DE QUEIROZ PALÁCIO2; JOSÉ RIBEIRO DE ARAÚJO NETO2; JACQUES CARVALHO RIBEIRO FILHO3 E EUNICE MAIA DE ANDRADE1 1 Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará-UFC, Campus do PICI, Bloco 804, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. E-mail: josebbrasil@gmail.com; eandrade.ufc@gmail.com.2 Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará-IFCE, Campus Iguatu, rodovia Iguatu-Várzea Alegre, Km 05, s/n, Iguatu-CE, Brasil. E-mail: helbaraujo23@yahoo.com.br; juniorifcelabas@gmail.com.3 Departamento de Ciências Ambientais e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido-UFERSA, Mossoró-RN, Brasil; jacquesfilho1@hotmail.com. 1 RESUMO A dinâmica da interceptação vegetal depende principalmente das características das chuvas e estrutura do dossel das árvores. Objetivou-se com este estudo analisar o efeito das características das chuvas (classes de precipitação (CP) - CP < 15 mm, 15 ≤ CP < 30 mm, 30 ≤ CP < 60 mm e CP ≥ 60 mm e classes de intensidade (CI) - 1,1 mm h-1 ≤ CI < 5 mm h-1, 5,1 mm h-1 ≤ CI < 25 mm h-1, 25,1 mm h-1 ≤ CI < 50 mm h-1 e CI ≥ 50,1 mm h-1) e as variações sazonais na interceptação em área de caatinga em regeneração. O experimento foi conduzido em uma microbacia experimental no município de Iguatu-Ceará, em seis anos consecutivos, de 2010 a 2015, totalizando 212 eventos. Foram monitorados a precipitação interna, escoamento pelos caules das árvores e perda por interceptação em uma área de 10 x 10 m. A precipitação total foi medida com o auxílio de um pluviômetro do tipo “Ville de Paris” instalado em área aberta. Constatou-se que não houve diferenças sazonais (período chuvoso - janeiro a junho e período seco - julho a dezembro) entre os percentuais médios de Precipitação interna (Pint), Escoamento pelo caule (Esc) e Perda por interceptação (I), em função das características das chuvas e da vegetação. Os resultados demonstram que as menores perdas relativas por interceptação foram observadas nas classes de precipitação > 60 mm e nos eventos mais intensos os percentuais médios de perda por interceptação são menores. Palavras-chave: Classes de chuva, intensidades pluviométricas, variabilidade sazonal. BRASIL, J. B.; PALÁCIO, H. A. de Q.; ARAÚJO NETO, J. R. de; RIBEIRO FILHO, J. C.; ANDRADE, E. M. deRAINFALL CHARACTERISTICS AND VEGETATION INTERCEPTION IN THE CAATINGA BIOME 2 ABSTRACT The mechanism of vegetation interception depends largely on the rainfall characteristics and canopy of the trees. The main objective of this study was to analyze the effects of the rainfall characteristics (precipitation classes (RC) - RC < 15 mm, 15 mm ≤ RC < 30 mm, 30 mm ≤ RC < 60 mm and RC ≥ 60 mm and intensity classes (IC) - 1,1 mm h-1 ≤ IC < 5 mm h-1, 5,1 mm h-1 ≤ IC < 25 mm h-1, 25,1 mm h-1 ≤ IC < 50 mm h-1 and IC ≥ 50,1 mm h-1) and the seasonal variations of the interception in an area with regenerating caatinga. The experiment was conducted on an experimental catchment in the municipality of Iguatu, Ceará, during six consecutive years, from 2010 to 2015, with a total of 212 events. Internal precipitation, tree trunk runoff and loss by interception in areas of 10 x 10 m were monitored. The total rainfall was measured with a “Ville de Paris” rain gage, installed in an open area. No seasonal changes were observed (wet season – January through June – and dry season – July through December) among the average percentages of internal precipitation (Pint), tree trunk runoff (Esc) and loss by interception (I), due to the rainfall and vegetation characteristics. The results show that the smallest relative losses by interception were observed in the precipitation classes over 60 mm and, among the most intense events, the average loss percentages by interception are smaller. Keywords: Rainfall classes, rainfall intensities, seasonal variability.

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“…This actually is accompanied by serious environmental problems caused by recent changes in land management as a consequence of the current socioeconomic context (like mechanization, commercial crops, land abandonment, increasing in the number of animals and introduction of new pasture species) [3]. Some problems have already been detected both in faxinals and comparable land systems: soil compaction [6], changes in soil properties [7], reduction in vegetation cover [8], lack of tree regeneration [5], soil erosion [9], decrease in water infiltration [10], water pollution [11] and silting of water bodies [12], among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Grazing Exclusion as Strategy to Reduce Land Degradation in the Traditional Brazilian Faxinal System: Field Data and Farmers’ Perceptions

et al. 2020

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Land degradation is becoming a serious concern for the sustainability of traditional agrosilvopastoral systems such as the Brazilian faxinal. The IAP (Environmental Institute of the Federal State of Paraná) is favoring the partial exclusion to grazing for 10 years as strategy both to recover degraded lands and to reduce negative effects. Nevertheless, this strategy is being followed by a reduced number of owners (faxinalenses) and little is known about the effectiveness of these measures due to either lack of field data and knowledge on faxinalenses’ perceptions. We have identified one out of few farms that have followed this official strategy and, within the same farm, we have compared values of some soil properties (bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity, penetration resistance, soil organic matter and root density) from an excluded area to grazing for 10 years, with some areas that represent a gradient of grazing intensity (natural forest, secondary forest, degraded forest, grassland and a degraded area by pigs). In addition, we have interviewed some faxinalenses (one faxinal farm is owned by several farmers) in order to better understand how the risk of land degradation is perceived by them and their opinions about the usefulness of partial grazing exclusion as a strategy to improve the management of their farms. The results have shown that soil quality increases considerably as a consequence of grazing exclusion, in spite of land has been used for cropping yerba mate during the exclusion time, but faxinalenses are not mindful of these benefits and they are no longer interested in excluding other areas of their farms. They think this strategy is simply an obligation imposed by the environmental authority.

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Rain Interception in a Secondary Fragment of Araucaria Forest With Faxinal, Guarapuava-Pr

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Soil Erosion Induced by the Introduction of New Pasture Species in a Faxinal Farm of Southern Brazil

Soil Erosion Induced by the Introduction of New Pasture Species in a Faxinal Farm of Southern Brazil

Características Das Chuvas E Interceptação Vegetal No Bioma Caatinga

Partial Grazing Exclusion as Strategy to Reduce Land Degradation in the Traditional Brazilian Faxinal System: Field Data and Farmers’ Perceptions

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