Radioprotective potential of melatonin against 60Co γ-ray-induced testicular injury in male C57BL/6 mice

Khan, Shahanshah; Adhikari, Jawahar Singh; Rizvi, Abbas; Chaudhury, N. K.

doi:10.1186/s12929-015-0156-9

Cited by 92 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…PCNA, a nuclear protein and a co-factor for DNA polymerase δ, is reported to be involved in the RAD6-dependent DNA repair pathway in response to oxidative DNA damage [16]. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wuzi Yanzong pill, a Chinese polyherbal formula, alleviates testicular damage in mice induced by ionizing radiation

Wang

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundChinese medicine Wuzi Yanzong pill (WZYZP) was firstly documented in ancient Chinese medical works “She Sheng Zhong Miao Fang” by Shi-Che Zhang in 1550 AD. The traditional herbal formula is widely used in treating nephrasthenia lumbago, prospermia, erectile dysfunction and male sterility. The present study was to explore the effects of WZYZP on ionizing irradiation-induced testicular damage in mice.MethodsThe pelvic region of male mice was exposed to X-rays for inducing testicular damage. The effects of WZYZP on testicular damage were evaluated in terms of testes weight, sperm quantity and motility, testes oxidative status and serum hormone levels. The alterations in testicular structure were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Additionally, changes in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression of testes were explored by western blot.ResultsPelvic exposure to x-ray induced reduction in testes weight and sperm quality, along with oxidative stress and abnormal testicular architecture in testes. Oral administration of WZYZP for 3 weeks markedly increased testes weight, sperm quantity and motility, and attenuated testicular architecture damage. Meanwhile, WZYZP treatment significantly reversed the reduction of serum testosterone, and decreased testes malondialdehyde (MDA) and Oxidative stress index (OSI) relative to the radiated mice. Additionally, WZYZP effectively prevented the downregulation of PCNA expression in testes induced by x-ray irradiation.ConclusionThese findings suggest WZYZP exhibits ameliorating effects against ionizing irradiation-induced testicular damage in mice, which may be related to its antioxidation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wuzi Yanzong pill, a Chinese polyherbal formula, alleviates testicular damage in mice induced by ionizing radiation

Wang

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…Therefore, its use as a prophylactic agent could reduce morbidity and limit radiation-induced injury in cancer patients under radiotherapy [119,135]. …”

Section: Melatonin: a New Treatment For Mucositismentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Mucositis: Melatonin Gel an Effective New Treatment

Moneim

Guerra‐Librero

Florido

et al. 2017

IJMS

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The current treatment for cervico-facial cancer involves radio and/or chemotherapy. Unfortunately, cancer therapies can lead to local and systemic complications such as mucositis, which is the most common dose-dependent complication in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. Mucositis can cause a considerably reduced quality of life in cancer patients already suffering from physical and psychological exhaustion. However, the role of melatonin in the treatment of mucositis has recently been investigated, and offers an effective alternative therapy in the prevention and/or management of radio and/or chemotherapy-induced mucositis. This review focuses on the pathobiology and management of mucositis in order to improve the quality of cancer patients’ lives.

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“…The mechanisms involved in melatonin as a radioprotective agent have been attributed to its antioxidant properties, which reduce radiation-induced DNA damage and lipid peroxidation, and to its protection of the immune system by reducing apoptosis through the inhibition of p53 and Bax and by enhancing anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 [86,93,102]; it is also involved in repairing lesions in cellular DNA [103].…”

Section: B) Melatonin As a Radio-protective Agentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, its use as a prophylactic agent could reduce morbidity and limit radiation-induced injury in cancer patients under radiotherapy [86,102].…”

Section: B) Melatonin As a Radio-protective Agentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tan et al [80] were the first to report its ability to protect against electromagnetic radiation emitted by ultraviolet light, with subsequent studies reporting its effectiveness in protecting against ionizing radiation. Vijayalaxmi et al, who carried out a series of experiments to study the radio-protective effects of melatonin in vitro and in vivo, showed that melatonin guarded against gamma radiation-induced cell damage in blood lymphocytes The mechanisms involved in melatonin as a radioprotective agent have been attributed to its antioxidant properties, which reduce radiation-induced DNA damage and lipid peroxidation, and to its protection of the immune system by reducing apoptosis through the inhibition of p53 and Bax and by enhancing anti-apoptotic protein 93,102]; it is also involved in repairing lesions in cellular DNA [103].In patients, administration of melatonin resulted in amelioration of hypotension, myelotoxicity, and lymphocytopenia associated with radiotherapy [104]. Therefore, its use as a prophylactic agent could reduce morbidity and limit radiation-induced injury in cancer patients under radiotherapy [86,102].…”

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Oral Mucositis: Melatonin Gel an Effective New Treatment

Moneim¹,

Guerra‐Librero²,

Florido³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:The current treatment for cervico-facial cancer involves radio and/or chemotherapy.Unfortunately, cancer therapies can lead to local and systemic complications such as mucositis, which is the most common dose-dependent complication in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract.Mucositis can cause a considerably reduced quality of life in cancer patients already suffering from physical and psychological exhaustion. However, melatonin, whose role in the treatment of mucositis has recently been investigated, offers an effective alternative therapy in the prevention and/or management of radio and/or chemotherapy-induced mucositis. This review focuses on the pathobiology and management of mucositis in order to improve the quality of cancer patients' lives.Keywords: mucositis; radiotherapy; chemotherapy; pathophysiology; management; melatonin Overview of mucositis pathobiologyMucositis, one of the most severe toxic side effects of cancer therapy, can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract, with the oral cavity being the most common affected site. It presents in virtually all head and neck cancer patients receiving chemo and/or radiotherapy, in 60-85% of those receiving myeloablative therapy for stem-cell transplantation and in 20-40% of patients receiving conventional chemotherapy [1][2][3]. The use of concomitant chemotherapy and/or targeted agents increases the risk of mucositis.Oral lesions lead to considerably decreased quality of life in these patients due to solid and liquid food dysphagia, dysarthria and odynophagia, resulting in depression in some patients, who often require percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube insertion [4]. In addition, mucositis lesions may represent a gateway to opportunistic infections, can complicate cancer treatment and extend hospitalization [5][6]. On the other hand, given its dose-limiting toxicity for both chemo and radiotherapy, mucositis can have a direct impact on survival rates [7]. Pathophysiology of mucositisRecent developments in mucositis research have highlighted multiple factors which contribute to mucosal injury [8]. A five-phase chronological process has been proposed: initiation, primary damage response (upregulation and message generation), signal amplification, ulceration and the healing phase [9]. Mucositis commences when gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa are exposed to cytotoxic agents, resulting in cellular DNA damage and cell death, mainly through the generation of oxidative Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 9 March 2017 doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0052.v1Peer-reviewed version available at Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, , 1003 doi:10.3390 The progression of mucositis is characterized by significant inflammatory mediator up-regulation due to the activation of the NF-κB pathway (upregulation and message generation phase). This is followed by the signaling and amplification phase, during which, once activated by chemotherapy and ROS, NF-κB promotes the expression of multiple pro-inflammatory molecules, including inducible nitric oxid...

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Radioprotective potential of melatonin against 60Co γ-ray-induced testicular injury in male C57BL/6 mice

Cited by 92 publications

References 60 publications

Wuzi Yanzong pill, a Chinese polyherbal formula, alleviates testicular damage in mice induced by ionizing radiation

Wuzi Yanzong pill, a Chinese polyherbal formula, alleviates testicular damage in mice induced by ionizing radiation

Oral Mucositis: Melatonin Gel an Effective New Treatment

Oral Mucositis: Melatonin Gel an Effective New Treatment

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