A B S T R A C TRadio-frequency identification (RFID) is a small electronic device that utilizes the radio waves for the purpose of security, personnel identification, surveillance, medical identification, patient history, library automation, baggage application, toll collection, file tracking, electronic payment, etc. Three types of RFID tags namely, active, passive, and semi-passive RFID tags, are currently available. The basic components of RFID system are RFID transponder, antenna, and transceiver. This review mainly focuses on the various applications of RFIDs in the pharmaceutical sector. RFID has potential applicability in pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors such as product tracking and inventory control, limiting the Bullwhip effect, supply chain management, maintenance of dyes and punches, preclinical study, identification of patients and hospital staff, avoidance of medication errors, etc., which have been discussed in detail. Besides having innumerable applications, RFID technology is in its early stages in pharmaceutical systems and hence its potential is required to be explored more in practical. The RFID systems are expensive which makes the adaptability of this system very difficult. Hence the development of low cost RFIDs is a big challenge at present and more research activities are required in this direction.RFID tags may be so tiny that consumers cannot clearly see them. [5] RFID's capability to distinctively recognize each object, and firmly capture information without line-of-sight has many benefits in the pharmaceutical industry including insight, visibility and efficiency, accountability and brand protection, product safety, recalls and regulatory requirements, reducing theft and counterfeiting, etc. [6] There are few recent articles on the applications of RFIDs in health system and biomedical fields. [7][8][9][10][11][12] In this review, we discuss the various applications of RFIDs both in pharmaceutical and health care systems.
Comparison between radio-frequency identification and barcodeBoth Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags and barcodes provide information about the products. However, there are many differences between RFID tags and barcodes. Barcode readers require a direct line of sight as an electronic handshake to the barcode. [13] Due to this, barcodes must be exposed outside the product, where it is subjected to greater wear and tear; whereas, RFID readers do not require a direct line of sight as an electronic handshake. The barcode range is much less; but RFID tags can be read from long distances. A barcode scanner can be pointed at a specific item and can read only that item; while RFID scanners basically create a sphere of activity within which they read all tags. Generally RFID tags have much faster read rates than barcode readers. Electronic components of RFID can be covered in a plastic wrap and hence they are more rugged than barcodes. RFID tags can also be set in the product itself, providing better ruggedness and reusability. Barcodes have no read/write ability;...