Radiation technologies: past, present and future

Chmielewski, A.G.; Haji‐Saeid, M.

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2004.05.040

Cited by 124 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The advantages include high reactivity, deep penetration ability, fast processing time, unnecessariness of photoinitiator, and resistance to oxygen inhibitor in surface area. 22 Examples of electron beam (EB) based polymer processing currently used in industrial area are the productions of precuring radial tire, heat shrinkable tubing, and heat-resistant wire and cable. In previous study, Chen et al developed a double-crosslinked SPEEK membrane using electron beam irradiation at room temperature and subsequent thermal treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of SPEEK membranes crosslinked by electron beam irradiation

et al. 2011

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Crosslinked sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membranes were prepared by the radiation crosslinking of SPEEK with various crosslinker contents. The prepared membranes were subjected to a comparative study of proton exchange membranes (PEM) for fuel cell applications. The crosslinked SPEEK membranes were characterized by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopyattenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). 1 H NMR and FTIR-ATR confirmed the sulfonation and crosslinking of the membranes. DMA indicated that the ionic modulus and cluster T g increased with decreasing crosslinker content. This suggests that the amount of clustering in the crosslinked membrane could be reduced by increasing the crosslinker content. SAXS data showed that the crosslinker did not affect the ionic domain morphology in the membranes. The proton conductivity of all the membranes was > 10 -2 S/cm. The overall findings suggest that the crosslinked SPEEK membranes offer the possibility for improving the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), provided membranes with thermal and hydration stability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of SPEEK membranes crosslinked by electron beam irradiation

et al. 2011

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“…Its removal efficiency was 80% for SO x and 20% for NO x (Chmielewski, 2007;Doi et al, 2000). The more detailed contents on the pilot and industrial plants can be found in previous papers (Chmielewski, 2007;Chmielewski and Haji-Saeid, 2004).…”

Section: Industrial Applications Of Electron Beammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fundamental studies were carried out by many scientists after that (Machi, 2004;Licki et al, 2003;Chmielewski et al, 2002;Hashimoto et al, 2000;Ostapczuk et al, 1999;Hakoda et al, 1998;Wu et al, 1997;Hirota et al, 1995a;Mätzing et al, 1994;Päur and Mätzing, 1993). Furthermore, recent papers documented that EB process was technically and economically practicable (Chmielewski and Haji-Saeid, 2004;Hirota et al, 2003). On the other hand, no VOC control plant has been installed since the VOC technique is still under development.…”

Section: Industrial Applications Of Electron Beammentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on VOCs Control Technology Using Electron Beam

Son¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

2010

ajae

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The removal characteristics for aromatic and aliphatic VOCs by electron beam (EB) were discussed in terms of several removal variables such as initial VOC concentration, absorbed dose, background gas, moisture content, reactor material and inlet temperature. It was reviewed that only reactor material was an independent variable among the potential control factors concerned. It was also suggested that main mechanism by EB should be radical reaction for the VOC removal rather than that by primary electrons. It was discussed that the removal efficiency of benzene was lower than that of hexane due to a closed benzene ring. In the case of aromatic VOCs, it was observed that the decomposition of the VOCs with more functional groups attached on the benzene ring was much easier than those with less ones. As for aliphatic VOCs, it was also implied that the longer carbon chain was, the higher the removal efficiency became. An EB-catalyst hybrid system was discussed as an alternative way to remove VOCs more effectively than EB-only system due to much less by-products. This hybrid included supporting materials such as cordierite, Y-zeolite, and γ-alumina.

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“…[4][5][6] • as a primary oxidant; radicals may be generated by 60 Co gamma radiation ( Fig. 1), with the presence or absence of oxides such as TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , and SiO 2 , and the generation of reactive species gives rise to the oxidation--reduction of organic compounds.…”

Section: Radiocatalytic Degradation Of Dissolved Organic Compounds Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocatalytic degradation of dissolved organic compounds in wastewater

2016

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Abstract. Wastewater containing a high concentration of organic substances was exposed to gamma radiolysis in the presence and absence of a catalyst (TiO 2 ); radiolysis and radiocatalysis were performed by means of continuous and discontinuous irradiation. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was the parameter used to estimate the concentration of organic compounds without interference by the high mineral content. The data was well fi tted to the pseudo-fi rst-order kinetic model of Langmuir-Hinshelwood. From a [DOC] 0 = 140 ± 7 mg/L, the higher DOC degradation (74%) and apparent rate constant (K app = 0.083 h −1 ) were found using discontinuous radiocatalysis. This process could be an alternative method of treatment of industrial or municipal wastewater.

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Radiation technologies: past, present and future

Cited by 124 publications

References 11 publications

Preparation and characterization of SPEEK membranes crosslinked by electron beam irradiation

Preparation and characterization of SPEEK membranes crosslinked by electron beam irradiation

A Review on VOCs Control Technology Using Electron Beam

Radiocatalytic degradation of dissolved organic compounds in wastewater

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