Radiation pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis in non–small-cell lung cancer: Pulmonary function, prediction, and prevention

Suggestion for a New Grading Scale for Radiation Induced Pneumonitis Based on Radiological Findings of Computerized Tomography: Correlation with Clinical and Radiotherapeutic Parameters in Lung Cancer Patients

“…Also, the manifestation and development of RP depends on parameters such as the patient's age, any pre-existing pulmonary disease, smoking, hereditary and genetic factors, any previous or simultaneous to radiation chemotherapy and of course, radiotherapy's dosimetric and technical parameters (Tsujino et al, 2003;Barriger et al, 2010;Mehta, 2005;Madani et al, 2007).…”

Plant Extracts and Plant-Derived Compounds: Promising Players in Countermeasure Strategy Against Radiological Exposure: A Review

“…Radiation-induced inflammation, an important side effect that contributes to normal tissue injury, has been reported in many species (Linard et al, 2004;Fliedner et al, 2005;Kong et al, 2005;Fleckenstein et al, 2007;Haston et al, 2007;Rodemann and Blaese, 2007;Hill et al, 2011;Multhoff and Radons, 2012;Rastogi et al, 2012;Cho et al, 2013;Fu et al, 2013;Jiang et al, 2013;McCurdy et al, 2013;Moore et al, 2013;Mukherjee et al, 2014). The initial phase of radiationinduced injury is marked by the increase in the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and several other members of interleukin (IL) family (Linard et al, 2004;Fliedner et al, 2005;Kong et al, 2005;Mehta, 2005;Fleckenstein et al, 2007;Haston et al, 2007;Rodemann and Blaese 2007;Jindal et al, 2009;Hei et al, 2011;Janko et al, 2012;Monceau et al, 2013). The hallmark late effect of radiation exposure in several experimental animals is fibrosis, which is often permanent (Han et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2009;Flechsig et al, 2010;Qiu et al, 2011;Gorshkova et al, 2012;Cho et al, 2013;Ding et al, 2013;Horton et al, 2013).…”

“…However, mice administered with CME exhibited significantly reduced histological evidence of destruction and inflammation. These findings on the role of CME's ability to reduce inflammation and tissue damage are significant since the cause of these cellular events is the induction of radiation (Kong et al, 2005;Mehta, 2005;McFarland et al, 2012). This was further supported by an earlier report that CME significantly (p<0.05) increase the number of bone marrow cells, spleen cells and platelets, and to favour survival (80%) at lethal doses in irradiated mice when administered intraperitoneally, 24 h before irradiation, compared to untreated irradiated control (Song et al, 2003).…”

Evaluation of the Radiation Pneumonia Development Risk in Lung Cancer Cases

“…Sercan Yilmaz 1 , Yasemin Guzle Adas 2 *, Ayse Hicsonmez 3 , Meltem Nalca Andrieu 3 , Serap Akyurek 3 , Saban Cakir Gokce 3 value for the prediction of RP (Mehta et al, 2005). The examined parameters include volume 20 (V20), volume 30 (V30) and mean lung dose (MLD) that were measured by considering both lungs as one single organ.…”