Racial/Ethnic- and Education-Related Disparities in the Control of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease Among Individuals With Diabetes

Chatterji, Pinka; Joo, Heesoo; Lahiri, Kajal

doi:10.2337/dc11-1405

Cited by 54 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(35) Similarly, individuals without college education were more likely to have poor control of their diabetes than those with some college education. (36)…”

Section: Social Determinants Of Health and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Race, Ethnicity and Social Determinants of Health on Diabetes Outcomes

Walker

Williams

Egede

2016

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences

322

202

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is strong evidence that race/ethnicity and social determinants of health significantly impact outcomes for patients with diabetes. A better understanding of the mechanisms of these relationships/associations will improve development of cost-effective, culturally tailored programs for patients with diabetes. This article reviews the current state of the literature on the impact of race/ethnicity and social determinants of health on process of care, quality of care and outcomes for diabetes, with particular emphasis on the rural South to give an overview of the state of the literature. The literature review shows that racial/ethnic differences in the clinical outcomes for diabetes, including glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control, continue to persist. In addition, the literature review shows that the role of social determinants of health on outcomes, and the possible role these determinants play in disparities have largely been ignored. Psychosocial factors, such as self-efficacy, depression, social support, and perceived stress, show consistent associations with self-care, quality of life, and glycemic control. Neighborhood factors, such as food insecurity, social cohesion, and neighborhood aesthetics have been associated with glycemic control. Perceived discrimination has also been associated with self-care and the psychological component of quality of life. Health care professionals need to be skilled in assessing social determinants of health and taking them into consideration in clinical care. In addition, more research is needed to identify the separate and combined impact of race/ethnicity and social determinants of health on process of care, quality of care and outcomes in diabetes, especially in the South, where the burden of disease is particularly high.

show abstract

“…(35) Similarly, individuals without college education were more likely to have poor control of their diabetes than those with some college education. (36)…”

Section: Social Determinants Of Health and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Race, Ethnicity and Social Determinants of Health on Diabetes Outcomes

Walker

Williams

Egede

2016

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences

322

202

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…17–21 For example, subjects with type-2 diabetes have a two-fold increased risk for cognitive impairment and later dementia compared to those without diabetes. 22 Identifying subclinical mechanisms and predictors of cognitive impairment in a population with poor cardiovascular prognosis will constitute a non-invasive clue for risk of cognitive impairment, and may lead to more targeted screening and early preventive strategies to delay the progression of cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Heart Rate Variability Is Associated With Worse Cognitive Performance in Elderly Mexican Americans

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reduced Heart Rate Variability is a strong predictor of cardiovascular risk factors, cardiovascular events and mortality; and thus may be associated with cognitive neurodegeneration. Yet this has been relatively unexplored, particularly in minority populations with high cardiovascular burden. We used data from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging to examine the cross-sectional association of reduced heart rate variability with cognitive function among elderly Mexican Americans. A total of 869 participants (mean age of 75 years; 59% females) had their 6-minute heart rate variability measured using an ECG monitor and respiration pacer in response to deep breathing. We used the Mean Circular Resultant, known as R bar, as a measure of heart rate variability and categorized it into quartiles (Q1 to Q4 of R bar: reduced to high heart rate variability). Cognitive function was assessed using the Modified Mini Mental State Exam, a 100-point test of global cognitive function and the Spanish and English Verbal Learning Test, a 15-point test of verbal memory recall. In fully-adjusted linear regression models, participants in quartile 1 had a 4-point lower Modified Mini Mental State Exam score (p<0.01), those in quartile 2 had 2-point lower score (p=0.04), and those in quartile 3 had 1-point lower score (p=0.35), as compared to those in the highest quartile of R bar. Reduced R bar was not associated with verbal memory. Our results suggest that reduced heart rate variability is associated with worse performance on the test of global cognitive function, above and beyond traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

show abstract

“…2,3 A more recent report showed that among individuals with diagnosed diabetes, there was no change in smoking prevalence between 1988–1994 and 1999–2008. 4 However, these reports considered only participants with diagnosed diabetes and did not look more broadly at participants with undiagnosed diabetes or people with impaired fasting glucose. Undiagnosed diabetes accounts for ~40% of all diabetes cases, and the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose is about 26% according to a recent analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking Behavior among US Adults with Diabetes or Impaired Fasting Glucose

Clair

Meigs

Rigotti

2013

The American Journal of Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is a well-known cardiovascular risk factor and its impact on cardiovascular disease is even greater among people with diabetes. The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence and determinants of smoking among US adults with diabetes or impaired fasting glucose, and those without diabetes or impaired fasting glucose. METHODS We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1999–2008). Age-adjusted prevalence of smoking was calculated, and we used logistic regression models to identify the correlates of smoking among people with diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and normal glucose metabolism. RESULTS Among 24,649 participants ≥20 years old, age-adjusted smoking prevalence was 25.7% in 3111 individuals with diabetes, 24.2% in 3557 individuals with impaired fasting glucose, and 24.1% in 17,981 individuals without diabetes. Smoking prevalence did not differ across groups or change over time (1999–2008) in any group. Younger age, less education, more alcohol consumption, less physical activity, and major depression symptoms were associated with smoking in people with diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and normal glucose metabolism. CONCLUSIONS In the US, smoking prevalence among people with diabetes and impaired fasting glucose has not changed and is comparable with the nondiabetic population. Tobacco control efforts should be intensified among this population at high risk for complications and mortality.

show abstract

Racial/Ethnic- and Education-Related Disparities in the Control of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease Among Individuals With Diabetes

Cited by 54 publications

References 20 publications

Influence of Race, Ethnicity and Social Determinants of Health on Diabetes Outcomes

Influence of Race, Ethnicity and Social Determinants of Health on Diabetes Outcomes

Reduced Heart Rate Variability Is Associated With Worse Cognitive Performance in Elderly Mexican Americans

Smoking Behavior among US Adults with Diabetes or Impaired Fasting Glucose

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About