Abstract:Chronic liver diseases are a major public health issue in the United States, and there are substantial racial disparities in liver cirrhosis-related mortality. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most significant contributing factor in the development of chronic liver disease, complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma, and the need for liver transplantation. In the United States, African Americans have twice the prevalence of HCV seropositivity and develop hepatocellular carcinoma at more than twice the rate a… Show more
“…Previous studies have shown that the geographical distribution of HCV genotypes may have epidemiological relevance and clinical implications, such as response to therapy and disease progression (13). In addition, racial disparities might influence how HCV infection behaves, causing differences in the prevalence of HCV infection, clinical presentation, treatment response, and immunological recognition of HCV (18). It is deduced that these factors might have some impact on the characteristics of HCV anti-F antibody activity.…”
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) alternate reading frame protein or F protein of the HCV 1b genotype is a double-frameshift product of the HCV core protein. In order to assess the presence of antibodies specific for F protein and their clinical relevance in sera from HCV patients, we produced recombinant F protein and core protein of the HCV 1b genotype in Escherichia coli. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed using purified recombinant HCV core, F protein, and a 99-residue synthetic F peptide (F99). The seroprevalences of anticore, anti-F protein, and anti-F99 synthetic peptide were 95%, 68%, and 36%, respectively, in 168 HCV patients. The prevalence of anti-F antibodies did not correlate with viral load, genotype, or alanine aminotransferase level. Interferon combination therapy induced a decline in the level of anti-F antibodies in 55 responders (P < 0.01). Thirteen responders (24%) lost their anti-F recombinant protein antibodies, and 17 (31%) lost their anti-F synthetic peptide antibodies, whereas no decrease was observed for the 17 nonresponders. These changes were significant between responders and nonresponders (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, no change was found in the anticore antibody titer of the 72 treated patients. The percentage of anti-F-protein-negative patients (15/15 [100%]) who achieved a sustained virological response (SVR) was higher than that of the anti-F-positive patients (70%) (P < 0.05). Based on these findings, HCV F protein elicits a specific antibody response other than the anticore protein response. Our data also suggest that the presence and level of anti-F antibody responses might be influenced by the treatment (interferon plus ribavirin) and associated with an SVR in Chinese hepatitis C patients.
“…Previous studies have shown that the geographical distribution of HCV genotypes may have epidemiological relevance and clinical implications, such as response to therapy and disease progression (13). In addition, racial disparities might influence how HCV infection behaves, causing differences in the prevalence of HCV infection, clinical presentation, treatment response, and immunological recognition of HCV (18). It is deduced that these factors might have some impact on the characteristics of HCV anti-F antibody activity.…”
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) alternate reading frame protein or F protein of the HCV 1b genotype is a double-frameshift product of the HCV core protein. In order to assess the presence of antibodies specific for F protein and their clinical relevance in sera from HCV patients, we produced recombinant F protein and core protein of the HCV 1b genotype in Escherichia coli. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed using purified recombinant HCV core, F protein, and a 99-residue synthetic F peptide (F99). The seroprevalences of anticore, anti-F protein, and anti-F99 synthetic peptide were 95%, 68%, and 36%, respectively, in 168 HCV patients. The prevalence of anti-F antibodies did not correlate with viral load, genotype, or alanine aminotransferase level. Interferon combination therapy induced a decline in the level of anti-F antibodies in 55 responders (P < 0.01). Thirteen responders (24%) lost their anti-F recombinant protein antibodies, and 17 (31%) lost their anti-F synthetic peptide antibodies, whereas no decrease was observed for the 17 nonresponders. These changes were significant between responders and nonresponders (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, no change was found in the anticore antibody titer of the 72 treated patients. The percentage of anti-F-protein-negative patients (15/15 [100%]) who achieved a sustained virological response (SVR) was higher than that of the anti-F-positive patients (70%) (P < 0.05). Based on these findings, HCV F protein elicits a specific antibody response other than the anticore protein response. Our data also suggest that the presence and level of anti-F antibody responses might be influenced by the treatment (interferon plus ribavirin) and associated with an SVR in Chinese hepatitis C patients.
“…Coronal and axial T 1 -weighted spin echo images of the whole liver were acquired for alignment and to determine liver volume (repetition time ϭ 500 ms; echo time ϭ 18 ms). 2 (95% air and 5% CO 2 ), and oxygen-CO 2 (95% oxygen and 5% CO 2 ) as described. 19,24 Five repeats were acquired at each gas mixture.…”
Section: Animalsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1,2 Evaluation of the level of liver pathological changes, such as cirrhosis, regeneration, or cancer, is important from both the diagnostic and the therapeutic aspects. Currently, there are limited tools for noninvasively monitoring these pathological alterations in the liver.…”
In various liver pathologies, fMRI response to hypercapnia and hyperoxia is sensitive to changes in liver hemodynamic status involved in hepatic damage or recovery; thus, this technique may offer an additional noninvasive diagnostic tool for evaluation and follow-up of liver diseases by means of examining perfusion-related alterations.
“…However, it is not known whether SES influences the association between T2DM and CLDs, as it does for T2DM and cardiovascular disease [15]. The need for further research on the contribution of SES to disparities in incidence, treatment and outcomes of liver disease has previously been identified [16,17].…”
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