Race Against Antimicrobial Resistance Requires Coordinated Action – An Overview

Abstract

Resistance developed by microbes is challenging success stories of treatment of infectious diseases with anti-microbials. Developing new antimicrobials against these resistant organisms does not progress at the same speed. In an effort to address this key issue, this work overviews the role of different stakeholders and discusses preventative and control measures for effective management of available resources. Roles and concerns of physicians, pharmacists and the public are also discussed. More than anything, this situation requires immediate action to establish antimicrobial stewardship program, control over the counter sale and promote public awareness. The paper also confronts the idea of curbing the use of antimicrobials using mass media, while detailing the consequences of non-therapeutic use. The role of policy makers in taking global action is essential to establishing authority or agency for formulating national guidelines and regulations for prudently using antimicrobials. To do this, this paper recommend the establishment of a global fund. In conclusion, the race against resistance is a collective responsibility requiring coordinated action at local, national, regional and international levels to ensure sustained utilization of antimicrobials.

Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance: An Overview of Priority Actions to Prevent Suboptimal Antimicrobial Use in Food-Animal Production

“…Surveillance represents a key component of the control of AMR (Premanandh et al, 2016). The World Health Organization developed standards to detect emergence of resistance.…”

“…They rely on general concepts on the control of AMU; four topics are systematically involved, among others: (i) stewardship, (ii) surveillance, (iii) infection prevention and control and (iv) research. The interests of such measures have been widely documented in human health (Edwards and Gould, 2012; Premanandh et al, 2016). In accordance with the One Health concept, the importance of controlling AMU in the animal sector has also been highlighted (Dar et al, 2016; Premanandh et al, 2016).…”

“…The interests of such measures have been widely documented in human health (Edwards and Gould, 2012; Premanandh et al, 2016). In accordance with the One Health concept, the importance of controlling AMU in the animal sector has also been highlighted (Dar et al, 2016; Premanandh et al, 2016). Prescription of antimicrobials in companion animals basically follows an individual diagnosis of illness.…”

Interacciones evolutivas como un posible mecanismo de interacción medicamentosa: una aproximación para el control de la resistencia bacteriana

“…Los genes de resistencia portados por los microorganismos tienen la característica de propagarse rápidamente, convirtiendo infecciones que usualmente no eran complicadas, en verdaderos retos para la medicina moderna. La industria farmacéutica no ha invertido suficientes recursos de innovación y económicos, denotando bajo interés en el descubrimiento y desarrollo de moléculas con nuevos mecanismos de acción 2,3 . En este contexto, se hace indispensable implementar medidas que optimicen el arsenal terapéutico disponible hasta la fecha, con el fin de generar nuevas estrategias que fortalezcan la lucha contra la creciente resistencia bacteriana y la era post-antibiótica.…”

Getting to the heart of the matter: Role ofStreptococcus mutansadhesin Cnm in systemic disease

“…30%, with treatment options frequently incorporating surgery and long-term administration of antibiotics. 10 Given the current crisis of increasing incidence in antibiotic resistance within the global microbial population, 11 there is considerable pressure to devise alternative treatment strategies for IE. To achieve this, however, greater understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms that underpin this disease is required.…”