Rabies Antibodies in Human Serums Titrated by the Indirect FA Method

Abstract

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First Case of Human Rabies in Chile Caused by an Insectivorous Bat Virus Variant

“…On February 26, 1996, a serum sample and corneal smear were obtained from the patient and sent to the Rabies Laboratory of the Instituto de Salud Pública de Santiago (ISP). A rabies antibody titer of 1:625 was found in the serum specimen by using the indirect fluorescent-antibody (IFA) technique ( 14 ). The patient had no history of rabies vaccination to account for the presence of antibodies.…”

Antemortem diagnosis and prevention of human rabies

“…The IFA is reported to be more sensitive than the neutralization test (NT) in detecting antibody early in the immune response, making it valuable for diagnosis. [3940] The IFA can also be used in seroepidemiological surveys. It is a rapid test and is economical and easy to perform.…”

Comparison between a modified counterimmunoelectrophoresis test and the indirect fluorescent-antibody test for detection of antibodies to rabies virus in human sera

“…Some of them measure neutralizing antibodies induced mainly by the viral glycoprotein, for example, the standard mouse neutralization (SN) (1), plaque reduction (15), rapid-fluorescent-focus-inhibition (12) and mixed hemadsorption (5) tests. Other techniques, such as the indirect fluorescent-antibody (IFA) test (8,10,14), complement fixation test (6), precipitation test (13), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (2), and indirect immunoassay (9), mainly measure antibodies to the ribonucleoprotein antigen.…”

“…This study was undertaken to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the modified counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) (4) and the IFA tests (8,10,14) as compared with the SN test (1) for the detection of antibodies to rabies virus.…”

“…The differences were attributed to the fact that the predominant antibody measured by the IFA test was probably directed toward viral ribonucleoprotein and is not considered to have neutralizing activity (9). It has also been noted that antibody detectable in the IFA test is more affected by adverse conditions, such as freezing and thawing or hemolysis, than are neutralizing antibodies (10).…”