Quantum-enabled millimetre wave to optical transduction using neutral atoms

Kumar, Aishwarya; Suleymanzade, Aziza; Stone, Mark; Taneja, Lavanya; Anferov, Alexander; Schuster, David I.; Simon, Jonathan

doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05740-2

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We note that it is this noise, determined by the temperature of the microwave electronics and transmission components (rather than of the conversion medium), that sets the limit of low-photon-number operation. Moving toward true quantum transduction requires reducing the noise in these components by operating at cryogenic temperatures 22 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-to-optical conversion in a room-temperature 87Rb vapor for frequency-division multiplexing control

Smith,

Babaei,

Narayanan

et al. 2023

Commun Phys

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coherent microwave-to-optical conversion is crucial for transferring quantum information generated in the microwave domain to optical frequencies, where propagation losses can be minimized. Coherent, atom-based transducers have shown rapid progress in recent years. This paper reports an experimental demonstration of coherent microwave-to-optical conversion that maps a microwave signal to a large, tunable 550(30) MHz range of optical frequencies using room-temperature 87Rb atoms. The inhomogeneous Doppler broadening of the atomic vapor advantageously supports the tunability of an input microwave channel to any optical frequency channel within the Doppler width, along with the simultaneous conversion of a multi-channel input microwave field to corresponding optical channels. In addition, we demonstrate phase-correlated amplitude control of select channels, providing an analog to a frequency domain beam splitter across five orders of magnitude in frequency. With these capabilities, neutral atomic systems may also be effective quantum processors for quantum information encoded in frequency-bin qubits.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-to-optical conversion in a room-temperature 87Rb vapor for frequency-division multiplexing control

Smith,

Babaei,

Narayanan

et al. 2023

Commun Phys

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The joint use of photon counting and auto-correlation measurement in a free-space six-wave mixing process achieved the all-optical readout of photons in free-space 300 K thermal background radiation at 1.59 nV•cm −1 Hz −1/2 with a sensitivity down to 3.8 K of noise-equivalent temperature [91]. The combination of a three-dimensional microwave resonator, a vibration-stabilized optical cavity and a closed-loop four-wave mixing process in a measurement system reached an internal conversion efficiency of 58 (11)% with a conversion bandwidth of 360 (20) kHz [92]. Extensions of this technique will allow near-unity efficiency conversion in both the millimeter-wave and microwave regimes.…”

Section: Photon Conversion From Microwave To Optical Bandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum sensing of microwave electric fields based on Rydberg atoms

Yuan,

Yang,

Jing

et al. 2023

Rep. Prog. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microwave electric ﬁeld sensing is of importance for a wide range of applications in areas of remote sensing, radar astronomy and communications. Over the past decade, Rydberg atoms, owing to their exaggerated response to microwave electric ﬁelds, plentiful optional energy levels and integratable preparation methods, have been used in ultra-sensitive, wide broadband, traceable, stealthy microwave electric ﬁeld sensing. This review ﬁrst introduces the basic concept of quantum sensing, properties of Rydberg atoms and principles of quantum sensing of microwave electric ﬁelds with Rydberg atoms. Then an overview of this very active research direction is gradually expanded, covering progresses of sensitivity and bandwidth in Rydberg atoms based microwave sensing, superheterodyne quantum sensing with microwave-dressed Rydberg atoms, quantum-enhanced sensing of microwave electric ﬁeld, recent advanced quantum measurement systems and approaches to further improve the performance of microwave electric ﬁeld sensing. Finally, a brief outlook on future development directions is discussed.

show abstract

“…These losses can result in signal attenuation and reduced coverage, particularly in urban environments with dense infrastructure, meaning they are more susceptible to obstacles and even atmospheric conditions. This limits their effective range [4], making them more suitable for localized communication rather than wide-area coverage [5,6]. Incorporating the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology, which is a potential solution where multiple antennas are employed at both ends of the communication channel, can enhance data transmission and spectral efficiency without requiring extra bandwidth or transmission power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed Conformal Meta-Lens with Multiple Beam-Shaping Functionalities for Mm-Wave Sensing Applications

Melouki,

Ahmed,

PourMohammadi

et al. 2024

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, a 3D conformal meta-lens designed for manipulating electromagnetic beams via height-to-phase control is proposed. The structure consists of a 40 × 20 array of tunable unit cells fabricated using 3D printing, enabling full 360° phase compensation. A novel automatic synthesizing method (ASM) with an integrated optimization process based on genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted here to create the meta-lens. Simulation using CST Microwave Studio and MATLAB reveals the antenna’s beam deflection capability by adjusting phase compensations for each unit cell. Various beam scanning techniques are demonstrated, including single-beam, dual-beam generation, and orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam deflection at different angles of 0°, 10°, 15°, 25°, 30°, and 45°. A 3D-printed prototype of the dual-beam feature has been fabricated and measured for validation purposes, with good agreement between both simulation and measurement results, with small discrepancies due to 3D printing’s low resolution and fabrication errors. This meta-lens shows promise for low-cost, high-gain beam deflection in mm-wave wireless communication systems, especially for sensing applications, with potential for wider 2D beam scanning and independent beam deflection enhancements.

show abstract

Quantum-enabled millimetre wave to optical transduction using neutral atoms

Cited by 34 publications

References 41 publications

Microwave-to-optical conversion in a room-temperature 87Rb vapor for frequency-division multiplexing control

Microwave-to-optical conversion in a room-temperature 87Rb vapor for frequency-division multiplexing control

Quantum sensing of microwave electric fields based on Rydberg atoms

3D-Printed Conformal Meta-Lens with Multiple Beam-Shaping Functionalities for Mm-Wave Sensing Applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About