Quantum sensing of microwave electric fields based on Rydberg atoms

Yuan, Jinpeng; Yang, Wenguang; Jing, Mingyong; Zhang, Hao; Jiao, Yuechun; Li, Weibin; Zhang, Linjie; Xiao, Liantuan; Jia, Suotang

doi:10.1088/1361-6633/acf22f

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Rydberg原子由于极大的电偶极矩和极化率 [1] , 并且Rydberg原子实验体系具有可重复性、精确和稳定的特点, 被广泛应用于电场测量 [2][3][4] . 基于高分辨率吸收光谱技术的不断提高以及实验仪器不断优化和改进, Rydberg原子具有许多不同于普通原子的奇异特性不断被发现, 通常这些特性与主量子数n 有紧密关系.…”

Section: 引言unclassified

Electromagnetically induced transparency spectra of cesium Rydberg atoms decorated by radio-frequency fields

Han,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Acta Phys. Sin.

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The large electric dipole moment of the Rydberg atom allows strong coupling to weak electric fields and is widely used in electric field measurements because of its reproducibility, precision and stability. The combination of Rydberg atoms and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) technology has been used for the detection and characterisation of radio-frequency (RF) electric fields． In this work, the preparation of the Rydberg state (49<i>P</i><sub>3/2</sub>) of the Cs atom was achieved using three-photon excitation with a scheme of all-infrared light excitation of the Rydberg atom by selecting the probe light (852 nm), the dressing light (1470 nm) and the coupling light (780 nm). We have experimentally observed the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra of the Rydberg states decorated with radio-frequency electric fields, which optically detects Rydberg atoms. The effect of the amplitude and frequency of the RF electric field on the spectrum is explored in the light of changes in the EIT spectrum. It has been demonstrated that in the region of weak electric field amplitude, only the ac Stark energy shift and spectral broadening occur. As the electric field is further enhanced, the sideband phenomenon occurs in both the primary and secondary peaks of the EIT. In the region of strong field, the Rydberg energy level produces a series of Floquet states with higher-order terms, as well as state shifting and mixing, resulting in asymmetry in the spectra of the EIT sideband peaks. We further discuss the study of the effect of frequency on the shielding effect of the Cs vapor cell based on the shift of the main peak of the EIT. The demodulation of the electric field in the range of 50 Hz ~ 1 kHz with a fidelity of 95% is achieved by using the modulation of the low-frequency electric field to the RF electric field. The results can provide valuable references for spectral detection and traceable measurements of low-frequency electric fields.

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Section: 引言unclassified

Electromagnetically induced transparency spectra of cesium Rydberg atoms decorated by radio-frequency fields

Han,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Acta Phys. Sin.

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“…Rydberg atoms possess large interstate transition dipole moments (~n 2 ) and polarizabilities (~n 7 ), making them highly responsive to external electric fields [1,2]. As a result, they are suitable for electric field measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-frequency weak electric field measurement based on Rydberg atoms using cavity-enhanced three photon system

Xiao,

Shi,

Chen

et al. 2024

Front. Phys.

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Introduction: Rydberg atoms are ideal for measuring electric fields due to their unique physical properties. However, low-frequency electric fields below MHz can be challenging due to the accumulation of ionized free electrons on the atomic vapor cell’s surface, acting as a shield.Method: This paper proposes a Cavity-enhanced three-photon system (CETPS) measurement scheme, which uses a long-wavelength laser to excite the Rydberg state, reducing atomic ionization and enhancing detection spectrum resolution. A theoretical model is proposed to explain the quantum coherence effect of the light field, measured electric field, and the atomic system.Result: The results show that the proposed scheme significantly increases the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectral peak and narrows the spectral width, resulting in the maximum slope increasing by more than an order of magnitude.Discussion: The paper also discusses the impact of the Rabi frequency of the two laser fields and the coupling coefficient of the optical cavity on the transmission spectrum amplitude and linewidth, along with the optimal configuration of these parameters in the CEPTS scheme.

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“…Examples of electric field sensors include Rydberg atoms [9,10]. Such a sensor has a large frequency range of operation e.g., from MHz to THz [9,11]. Their sensitivities in the free space configuration can be on the order of a µV/m (3 × 10 −14 T) [9,10,12].…”

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confidence: 99%