Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Annona muricata and Artocarpus heterophyllus Leaves Using Gas Chromatography-flame Ionization Detector

Background: Endophyte phytochemicals have piqued interest in drug development programs due to their enormous potential for assisting in the discovery of novel biologically active compounds. Aim and objectives: The study was aimed to isolate, evaluate the antimicrobial properties and characterize the secondary metabolites of Curvularia lunata endophyte isolated from A. indica. Method: C. lunata isolated from A. indica leaves using standard extraction protocols were screened for their potential antimicrobial activities using agar diffusion well method. HPLC-DAD, GC-FID, GC-MS, and FTIR techniques were used to characterize secondary metabolites. Results: At 1 mg/mL, growth inhibition of bacteria by the extracts of C. lunata were observed with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans with zones of inhibition diameters of 6, 5, 4, and 4 mm respectively. The vacuum liquid chromatography sub-fraction of the extract showed the best antimicrobial activity. HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the presence of 2-carboxymethyl-3-n-hexylmaleic acid anhydride and aspernigin A. GC-FID analysis showed remarkably high concentrations of flavonones and catechins. The results of GC-MS analysis also showed the presence of hexadecanoic acid, and 1,6-Anhydro-beta-D-glucopyranose. FTIR results established the presence of functional groups like carboxylic acids, which may be associated with some of the detected compounds. Conclusion: C. lunata (OM337582) extract of A. indica have potent antimicrobial activity which could be related to a high content of flavonoids and alkaloids. Keywords: Antimicrobial, Azadirachta indica, HPLC-DAD, Chromatography, Curvularia lunata.

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“…The concentration of the different fungal secondary metabolites observed were expressed in mg/L 21 .…”

Section: Quantification Of Phytochemicals Using Gas Chromatographyfla...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Properties and Characterization of Secondary Metabolites Obtained from Curvularia lunata, an Endophyte of Azadirachta indica

Chukwuemerie

Bunu

Iloh

et al. 2022

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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“…Daun sirsak memiliki kandungan saponin sebesar 7,058 µg, fenol sebesar 7,408 µg, kuersetin sebesar 1,000 µg, dan antosianin sebesar 2,423 µg (Onuah et al, 2019). Saponin juga mampu mengikat membran luar sel sehingga mengganggu permeabilitas sel bakteri (Khan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

FORMULATION AND TEST OF ANTIBACTERIAL Staphylococcus aureus PAPERSOAP SOURSOP’S LEAVES EXTRACT (Annona muricata L.) WITH VARIATIONS OF GLYCERIN AS PLASTICIZER

Nopiyanti,

Samsudin,

Nilawati

2022

Farmasi.J

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Papersoap is a thin printed solid soap product as a unique innovation because it resembles paper. Soursop leaves contain flavonoid compounds, tannins, alkaloids and saponins that are useful as antibacterial. preparations papersoap with soursop leaf extract require glycerin as a plasticizer is believed to produce good physicochemical properties. This study aims to determine the physical quality of papersoap from the effect of soursop leaf extract and variations of glycerin and to test the antibacterial activity of the Papersoap against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.Soursop leaf extract was obtained by maceration method with 96% ethanol as solvent. The concentration of soursop leaf extract 5% was formulated into papersoap with three variations of glycerin formula, namely 10%, 15%, and 20%.preparation papersoap includes organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, foam stability, water content, and free alkali tests which have passed the curing for two weeks as the preparation evaluation stage. Antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 using well diffusion method. The data obtained were processed using Shapiro-wilk, one way ANOVA/Kruskal.The results showed that the formula of the papersoap preparation of soursop leaf ethanol extract (Annona muricata L.) with glycerin variations can provide differences in the physical quality of papersoap preparations and have an inhibitory diameter against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria ATCC 25923 successively 25.26; 24,67; 23.47 mm

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“…Four (4) selected molecular compounds [17][18][19][20] from molecules present in Moringa oleifera were used for this study. The selected compounds were chosen due to their highest percentage yield and the selected compounds were optimized using density functional theory at 6-31G* basis set and several molecular descriptors [EHOMO, ELUMO, band gap, dipole moment, hydrogen bond donor (HBD), hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) log P, polarizability and Polar suface area (PSA)] which described anti-bacteria activity of the studied flavonoids were obtained using Spartan'14 software by wavefunction Inc. Also, the docking study were executed on the studied compounds and the studied enzymes (2J5O 24 , 2RQX 25 , 2W9T 26 , 1GRX 27 , 2M6U 28 ) using Discovery studio, AutoDock Tool, AutoDock Vina and Pymol which serves as a postdock software.…”

Section: Theoretical Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the compounds (catechin, epicatechin, kaempferol, quercetin) that were isolated from Moringa oleifera seed by Onuah et al 17 , Sun et al 18 , Ablajan and Tuoheti 19 , Saldanha et al 20 were theoretically studied via density functional theory and docking methods. Thus, in respect to the confirmation of the rapid global blowout of resistance to existing antibiotics, the need to find new anti-bacteria agents to reduce or end the epidemic health implication associated with multidrug resistant is of paramount importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical and antibacterial investigation of Moringa oleifera seed: experimental and computational approaches

2021

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The advent of antibiotic resistance and the growth of new strains of bacteria are of great concern to the world health sectors. Effective treatment of the infections caused by these human pathogens call for designing and development of new drugs with better efficiency. This study aimed at investigating the antibacterial activity of Moringa oleifera seed extract against some bacteria strains. The phytochemical and antibacterial activities of Moringa oleifera seed extract against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were conducted using standard methods. The phytochemical analysis of the studied seed extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols and flavonoids as secondary metabolites. The obtained result from the antibacterial study indicated that the extract exhibited high inhibition zones against all bacteria strain studied. Also, four molecular compounds from Moringa oleifera seed were selected based on their percentage yield and were optimized using density functional theory and they were used against five bacterial cell lines. It was observed that kaempferol and quercetin inhibited Escherichia coli. Kaempferol inhibited Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus pneumonia while Quercetin showed highest inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus when compared with other compounds. This showed the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed in eradicating some infections caused by bacteria.

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Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Annona muricata and Artocarpus heterophyllus Leaves Using Gas Chromatography-flame Ionization Detector

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Antimicrobial Properties and Characterization of Secondary Metabolites Obtained from Curvularia lunata, an Endophyte of Azadirachta indica

Antimicrobial Properties and Characterization of Secondary Metabolites Obtained from Curvularia lunata, an Endophyte of Azadirachta indica

FORMULATION AND TEST OF ANTIBACTERIAL Staphylococcus aureus PAPERSOAP SOURSOP’S LEAVES EXTRACT (Annona muricata L.) WITH VARIATIONS OF GLYCERIN AS PLASTICIZER

Phytochemical and antibacterial investigation of Moringa oleifera seed: experimental and computational approaches

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