Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging analysis of the cross-sectional areas of the anconeus epitrochlearis muscle, cubital tunnel, and ulnar nerve with the elbow in extension in patients with and without ulnar neuropathy

Eng, Hing Y.; Gunio, Drew A.; Benitez, Carlos L.

doi:10.1016/j.jse.2018.03.021

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Perhaps counterintuitive, the presence of the anconeus epitrochlearis muscle may be associated with a larger cubital tunnel volume when compared with those who lack the accessory muscle. 15 Recurrent anterior dislocation of the ulnar nerve is an additional cause of ulnar neuropathy, which may be readily identified and elicited on dynamic US interrogation, thereby quickly and easily identifying the etiology of the patient's symptoms. Of note, ulnar nerve dislocation may be seen in up to 20% of asymptomatic patients, 16 so correlation with patient symptoms and the sonographic appearance is required to confirm true pathology.…”

Section: Entrapment and Compressive Neuropathiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Entrapment and Compressive Neuropathiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…US affords superior spatial resolution with essentially no contraindications. Peripheral nerves of the elbow are generally very superficial and amenable to imaging with highfrequency linear US probes (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Given the modern advances of scanner and transducer design, high-resolution US imaging is comparable with that of MRI in identifying peripheral neuropathies with similar specificity (86%) and greater sensitivity (93%).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Imaging of Nerve Disorders in the Elbow

Gunio

Babaa

Bencardino

2022

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol

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Neuropathies of the elbow represent a spectrum of disorders that involve more frequently the ulnar, radial, and median nerves. Reported multiple pathogenic factors include mechanical compression, trauma, inflammatory conditions, infections, as well as tumor-like and neoplastic processes. A thorough understanding of the anatomy of these peripheral nerves is crucial because clinical symptoms and imaging findings depend on which components of the affected nerve are involved. Correlating clinical history with the imaging manifestations of these disorders requires familiarity across all diagnostic modalities. This understanding allows for a targeted imaging work-up that can lead to a prompt and accurate diagnosis.

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Section: Entrapment and Compressive Neuropathiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Entrapment and Compressive Neuropathiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Imaging of Nerve Disorders in the Elbow

Gunio

Babaa

Bencardino

2022

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol

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“…The anconeus epitrochlearis (AE) muscle is located between the medial cortex of the olecranon and the inferior surface of the medial epicondyle, and follows the same route as the cubital tunnel retinaculum [2,3,13,[18][19][20]. The AE muscle is found in reptiles, amphibians, and various animal species, mainly mammals, but is detected during development only in humans [2,3,13,20]. They are typically asymptomatic and detected incidentally [6,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symptoms are usually due to the mass effect of the excess muscle. These can either be palpated as a swelling or manifest with secondary compression on neighboring structures, such as nerves [2,3,7,8,10,12,14,15,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of the anconeus epitrochlearis muscle in a Turkish population and its general characteristics on magnetic resonance imaging

Duran

Günaydin

Çayhan

2022

Preprint

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Introduction: The anconeus epitrochlearis (AE) muscle is an accessory muscle located between the medial cortex of the olecranon and the inferior surface of the medial epicondyle, posterior to the ulnar nerve. We aimed to determine the gender and side characteristics of the AE muscle in patients who underwent elbow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and report its prevalence in a Turkish population.Materials and Methods: A total of 209 patients (210 elbows) who underwent elbow MRI between January and December 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Cases with the AE muscle were included in the study. The craniocaudal (CC) dimension was examined from the coronal section, and the transverse (TR) and anteroposterior (AP) dimensions from the axial sections. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the relationship between the presence of the AE muscle and age, gender, and side (right/left). Differences between sexes and sides in terms of muscle sizes were evaluated using statistical tests.Results: The AE muscle was detected in 17 patients (18 elbows) (8.1%). The mean age of the patients was 41.52 ± 14.63 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the male and female patients in terms of age. This accessory muscle was found in nine female (9.8%) and eight male (6.3%) patients in total. There was one (0.5%) patient with the bilateral AE muscle, who was female. The accessory muscle was located in the right elbow in 13 patients (10.71%), and left elbow in five (4.10%). It was more common in the right elbow in both genders. The muscle was larger in the male patients and the right elbow, but this was not statistically significant.Conclusion: The prevalence of the AE muscle was determined to be 8.1% in a Turkish population, and this muscle was more common among the women and in the right elbow.

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