Amaç: Bu çalışmadaki amacımız obezitenin göstergesi olan prepatellar subkutan yağ kalınlığı (PSYK) ile kondromalazik patellanın (KP) varlığı ve şiddeti arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Gereç-Yöntem: Retrospektif olan bu çalışmaya 9 aylık dönemde çeşitli nedenlerle diz manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG ) yapılan ve kritelere uyan 175 hasta dahil edildi. Çekimler 1.5 T MRG cihazında ekstremite koili kullanılarak yapıldı. KP değerlendirmesi için aksiyal kesitler kullanıldı ve grade 0 ( normal) ile grade 3 (komplet kartilaj kaybı) arasında derecelendirildi. PSYK ölçümünde ise sagittal kesitler kullanıldı. Bulgular: KP 25 olguda grade 1 (%33,33), 25 olguda grade 2 (%33,33) ve 25 olguda grade 3 (%33,33) olmak üzere 75 hastada (%42.8) saptandı. KP grubunda PSYK normal gruba göre yüksekti (P<.001). KP'nın grade ile PSYK arasında pozitif korelasyon gösterildi ( R=0,47 [95% confidence interval,1,20-2,12] p<.001 ). Subkutanöz prepatellar yağ dokusu kadınlarda belirgin kalındı ( P<.001). Sonuç: Obezitenin göstergesi olan PSYK ile KP 'nın varlığı ve şiddeti arasında pozitif ilişki mevcuttur.
The aim of this study was to evaluate trochlear morphology in patients with medial patellar cartilage defects via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three hundred patients who were diagnosed with grade 2, 3 and 4 medial patellar cartilage defect using MRI according to the International Cartilage Repair Society Classification System and 100 control subjects were evaluated. Trochlear morphology was evaluated based on lateral trochlear inclination (LTI), medial trochlear inclination (MTI), sulcus angle( SA), femoral lateral and medial condyle symmetry, trochlear facet asymmetry, and trochlear width on the axial MR images. The mean SA was significantly higher in the medial patellar cartilage defect group compared to the control group (p<.05). The LTI and MTI of the cartilage defect group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<.05). With the decreasing LTI and MTI, there was an increase in medial patellar cartilage loss. LTI (r=-0.46) and MTI (r=-0.53) were moderately correlated with SA. There was no significant differences in femoral lateral and medial condyle symmetry, trochlear facet asymmetry, and trochlear width between groups with and without medial patellar cartilge defect (p > .05). A flattened medial trochlea is a risk factor for cartilage structural damage of the medial patellofemoral joint, and it plays a role in the development of a defect in the medial patellar cartilage. The medial patellar cartilage defect is associated with the flattened lateral trochlea.
: Cystic lymphangioma presenting with multiple bone lesions in an adult patient is a rare occurrence, with a limited number of reported cases in the literature. In this case report, we describe a 32-year old female patient with chronic neck and pelvic pain, and multiple lytic bone lesions on radiological imaging, which were eventually discovered to originate from cystic hygroma and widespread bone lymphangiomas that were present for more than 10 years. It should be kept in mind that there may be benign causes in the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with findings suggestive of diffuse bone metastasis.Because misdiagnosis may cause the patient to receive unnecessary treatments, especially radiotherapy. In this case, we reached the diagnosis of benign disease, diffuse bone lymphangiomatosis, and the long and stable medical history of the patient with the findings of BT, ultrasound and bone scintigraphy. We think that as long as there are no stable and serious results in the company with the clinical and radiological findings of the patient, it should be approached with medical follow-up without treatment.
Objective: Bipartite patella is accepted as a normal anatomic variant of patella, and is identified incidentally on knee radiographs taken for other reasons. The aim of this study was to characterize the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of bipartite patella without bone marrow edema. Materials and Methods: In total, 1.000 patients were evaluated retrospectively. Imaging was performed on 1.5T MRI unit using extremity coil. A standardized knee protocol was used. The obtained images were thereafter analyzed by two experienced radiologists in consensus. Results: Of the 18 patients, six were female and twelve were male. The mean age of the group was 42.1±23.5 years. The bipartite fragments were located in the superolateral aspect of the patella. In 16 knees, only one fragment was recognized. The average transverse diameter of the patellar fragment was 11.6±8.1 mm. In the axial plane, the average distance between the fragment and the main patella was 1.67±1.1 mm. Continuity of the patellar cartilage on the fragment was observed in all patients. The mean fragment cartilage thickness was 1.9±1 mm and the patellar cartilage thickness was 3.8±2.3 mm. Cartilage signal was present in ten knees, fluid signal was present in six knees, and fibrous signal was present in four knees in the synchondrosis region. Conclusion: A defining feature of bipartite patella without accompanying edema in the bone marrow is a thinner-thannormal cartilage covering the fragments, and an overall cartilage signal over the area of the synchondrosis. Öz Amaç: Bipartita patella insidental radyolojik bulgu olarak saptanır. Bu çalışmanın amacı kemik iliği ödemi bulunmayan bipartita patellalı olguların manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) bulgularını tanımlamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Toplamda 1,000 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Görüntüleme her hasta için diz koili kullanılarak standart diz protokolünde 1.5T MRG cihazında yapıldı. Görüntüler iki radyoloğun ortak görüşünde değerlendirildi. Bulgular: On sekiz hastanın altısı kadın, on ikisi erkekti. Ortalama yaş 42,1±23,5 yıldı. Bipartita fragmanların tamamı patellanın süperolateralinde yerleşimli idi. Fragmanın ortalama transvers çapı 11,6±8,1 mm idi. Aksiyal planda fragman ile komşu patella arasında ortalama mesafe 1,67±1,1 mm idi. Fragman üzerinde patellar kartilajın devamlılığı tüm hastalarda izlendi. Ortalama fragman kartilaj kalınlığı 1,9±1 mm ve patellar kartilaj kalınlığı 3,8±2,3 mm idi. Sinkondroz bölgesinde 10 dizde kartilaj sinyali, 6 dizde sıvı sinyali ve 4 dizde fibröz sinyal saptandı. Sonuç: Kemik iliği ödemi bulunmayan bipartita patella olgularının önemli özelliği, fragmanı kaplayan normalden ince kartilaj ve genellikle sinkondrosis bölgesinde saptanan kartilaj sinyalidir.
Introduction: The anconeus epitrochlearis (AE) muscle is an accessory muscle located between the medial cortex of the olecranon and the inferior surface of the medial epicondyle, posterior to the ulnar nerve. We aimed to determine the gender and side characteristics of the AE muscle in patients who underwent elbow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and report its prevalence in a Turkish population.Materials and Methods: A total of 209 patients (210 elbows) who underwent elbow MRI between January and December 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Cases with the AE muscle were included in the study. The craniocaudal (CC) dimension was examined from the coronal section, and the transverse (TR) and anteroposterior (AP) dimensions from the axial sections. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the relationship between the presence of the AE muscle and age, gender, and side (right/left). Differences between sexes and sides in terms of muscle sizes were evaluated using statistical tests.Results: The AE muscle was detected in 17 patients (18 elbows) (8.1%). The mean age of the patients was 41.52 ± 14.63 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the male and female patients in terms of age. This accessory muscle was found in nine female (9.8%) and eight male (6.3%) patients in total. There was one (0.5%) patient with the bilateral AE muscle, who was female. The accessory muscle was located in the right elbow in 13 patients (10.71%), and left elbow in five (4.10%). It was more common in the right elbow in both genders. The muscle was larger in the male patients and the right elbow, but this was not statistically significant.Conclusion: The prevalence of the AE muscle was determined to be 8.1% in a Turkish population, and this muscle was more common among the women and in the right elbow.
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