Quantitative analysis of volatile metabolites released in vitro by bacteria of the genus Stenotrophomonas for identification of breath biomarkers of respiratory infection in cystic fibrosis.

Abstract

Stenotrophomonas rhizophila (n=2) cultured in Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB) liquid media were analysed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). Several VOCs were detected in high concentration, including ammonia, propanol, dimethyl disulphide, and dimethyl trisulphide. The GC-MS measurements showed that all 15 clinical strains produced similar headspace VOCs compositions and SIFT-MS quantification showed that the rates of production of the VOCs by the genotypically distinct strains were very similar. All in vitro cultures of both the Stenotrophomonas species were characterised by efficient production of two isomers of methyl butanol, which can be described by known biochemical pathways and which is absent in other pathogens including Pseudomonas Aeruginosa . These in-vitro data indicate that methyl butanol isomers may be exhaled breath biomarkers of S. maltophilia lung infection in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Fast detection of volatile organic compounds from Staphylococcal blood cultures by CDI-MS

“…2 can be attributed to the volatility of the ionized chemicals. Bacterial specic biomarker VOCs are critical for rapid pathogen identication based on MS 7 , but individual VOC is limited to the identication of a particular bacteria. Joint detection of multiple metabolites must be hastened to increase the sensitivity and specicity of VOC detection methods.…”

“…VOCs have great potential for development and wide application of as biomarkers for bacterial diagnosis. 6,7 In this study, homemade and new high-sensitivity mass spectrometry (CDI-MS), followed by headspace analysis, was applied in the identication of common Staphylococci for early clinical diagnosis and treatment.…”

Mass spectrometry for the detection of bioterrorism agents: from environmental to clinical applications

“…VOC analysis by MS has, for instance, been used to identify pulmonary infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Klebsiella pneumoniae . Volatile metabolites produced by genotypically diverse strains of Stenotrophomonas have been evaluated as potential biomarkers of lung infection by non‐invasive breath analysis . Different strains were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS), which detected VOCs including ammonia, propanol, dimethyl disulfide propanol, and dimethyl disulfide.…”

“…[173][174][175] Volatile metabolites produced by genotypically diverse strains of Stenotrophomonas have been evaluated as potential biomarkers of lung infection by non-invasive breath analysis. [176] Different strains were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which detected VOCs including ammonia, propanol, dimethyl disulfide propanol, and dimethyl disulfide. Correlation between in vitro and in vivo results was demonstrated in a study of Aspergillus fumigatus-infected subjects in which 2-pentylfuran was detected in cultures and subsequently in the breath of patients.…”

Breath biomarkers in toxicology

“…The current focus for "cell breath" research is to measure volatile emissions from bacterial mono-cultures to identify patterns of VOCs in vitro and develop a "fingerprint" library (Shestivska et al 2015;Zhu et al 2013;Sethi et al 2013). Subsequently, measurements of human exhaled breath could be explored for such patterns to diagnose infectious state and monitor treatment (Risby and Solga 2006;Barker et al 2006;Christ-Crain and Müller 2007).…”