Quantitation of 2-chlorovinylarsonous acid in human urine by automated solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Wooten, Joe V.; Ashley, David L.; Calafat, Antònia M.

doi:10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00069-7

Cited by 50 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These studies include the analysis of hydrogen cyanide [46], VX [50,52], sarin [48 -50], soman [50], tabun [50], and mustard [51]. There have also been reports describing the detection of precursor chemicals and degradation products of CWAs using SPME [52][53][54][55].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand-portable gas chromatograph-toroidal ion trap mass spectrometer (GC-TMS) for detection of hazardous compounds

Contreras

Murray

Tolley³

et al. 2008

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

239

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) based on a miniature toroidal ion trap mass analyzer (TMS) and a low thermal mass GC is described. The TMS system has an effective mass/charge (m/z) range of 50-442 with mass resolution at full-width half-maximum (FWHM) of 0.55 at m/z 91 and 0.80 at m/z 222. A solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber mounted in a simple syringe-style holder is used for sample collection and introduction into a specially designed low thermal mass GC injection port. This portable GC-TMS system weighs <13 kg (28 lb), including batteries and helium carrier gas cartridge, and is totally self-contained within dimensions of 47 X 36 X 18 em (18.5 X 14 X 7 in.). System start-up takes about 3 min and sample analysis with library matching typically takes about 5 min, including time for column cool-down. Peak power consumption during sample analysis is about 80 W. Battery power and helium supply cartridges allow 50 and 100 consecutive analyses, respectively. Both can be easily replaced. An on-board library of target analytes is used to provide detection and identification of chemical compounds based on their characteristic retention times and mass spectra. The GC-TMS can detect 200 pg of methyl salicylate on-column. n-Butylbenzene and naphthalene can be detected at a concentration of 100 ppt in water from solid-phase microextraction (SPME) analysis of the headspace. The GC-TMS system has been designed to easily make measurements in a variety of complex and harsh environments. and toxic industrial chemicals (TICs), is a concern, the ability to rapidly detect and accurately identify such chemicals in harsh environments is of great utility. There is a need for field-portable, selective, and sensitive detectors for military and emergency first-responder operations and for on-site environmental contamination measurement, to mention only a couple of key applications. The development of fieldportable devices directed toward fast, on-site analysis is one of the most active research areas in analytical chemistry.Currently, several approaches for detection of CWAs and TICs are utilized by military personnel, first responders, and environmental scientists. They include dye solubility (detection paper), enzymatic reaction,

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand-portable gas chromatograph-toroidal ion trap mass spectrometer (GC-TMS) for detection of hazardous compounds

Contreras

Murray

Tolley³

et al. 2008

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

239

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The same group later expanded the method to include atomic emission detection (AED) [17]. CVAA was concentrated from urine (adjusted to pH 6 with 1M HCl) by SPE on C 18 . After elution with methanol and concentration to dryness, the residue was reconstituted and derivatized with ethanolic 1,2-ethanedithiol.…”

Section: Analytical Methods For Lewisite and Their Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wooten et al [18] analyzed CVAA from urine after derivatization with propane-1,3-dithiol and the resulting volatile cyclic disulfide was detected by solid phase microextraction (SPME) combined with GC/MS in the SIM mode, but the procedure was not tested on samples from in vivo experiments. The detection limit of CVAA was 7.4 pg/mL urine.…”

Section: Analytical Methods For Lewisite and Their Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview on Analysis of Free Metabolites for Detection of Exposure to Chemical Warfare Agents

Grigoriu¹,

Epure²,

Moşteanu

2015

Scientific Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The metabolite of Lewisite L1 (2-chlorovinylarsonous acid or CVAA) was analyzed in human urine as reported by Wooten et al (15).…”

Section: Analysis Of Urine For Lewisite Metabolitementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Urinary Metabolites of Sulfur Mustard in Two Individuals after Accidental Exposure

Barr

Pierce

Smith

et al. 2008

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

]In July 2004, two individuals developed blisters after the destruction of a WWl-era munition. To determine the causative agent, urine samples were collected from both the highly blistered patient (patient 1; 6.5% of total body surface area) and patient 2, who had only one small blister. Their urine was analyzed for metabolites of known vesicants including sulfur mustard (HD), Lewisite (L1), and nitrogen mustards. The urine samples only tested positive for metabolites of HD. Additional metabolites were measured to confirm the exposure of sulfur mustard agent HD, including thiodiglycol (TDG), TDG-sulfoxide, and the bismercapturate of mustard sulfone. On day 2 after the exposure, patient I had a lS-lyase metabolite level of 41 ng/mL, and patient 2 had a level of 2.6 ng/mt. Detectable levels of the ~-Iyase metabolite were observed in patient 1 for 11 days and in patient 2 for 7 days. Levels of TDG and both TDG and its sulfoxide measured together in the urine of patient 1 were found to be 24 ng/mL and 50 ng/mL, respectively, on day 2. The bis-mercapturate of mustard sulfone was detected in patient 1 (3.1 ng/mL) on day 2 but was not detected in samples taken on subsequent days.The metabolism of HD has been studied extensively in rats (3,4). Research has identified several urinary metabolites, including the free and conjugated forms of the simple hydrolysis product thiodiglycol (TDG) and TDG-sulfoxide (TDG's oxidized form), the glutathione-derived metabolite 1,1'-sul- fonylbis[2-S-(N-acetylcysteinyl)ethane], and the I~-lyase metabolites 1,1'-sulfonylbis[2-(methylsulfinyl)ethane] (SBMSE) and 1-methylsulfinyl-2-[2-(methylthio)-ethylsulfonyl]ethane (MSMTESE). Although 1,]'-sulfonylbis[2-(methylthio)ethane] (SBMTE)was not identified in rat urine, it is a likely precursor to the I~-lyase metabolites that were identified (3-8).Recently, two individuals were thought to have been exposed to HD accidentally during the destruction of a WWI-era shell (9,10). The extent of blistering between the two individuals varied. One individual (patient 1) had blisters on an estimated 6.5% of his body including his hands and forearms; the second individual (patient 2) had only one small blister (9,10). Urine samples from both individuals were analyzed to confirm that the symptoms were caused by HD exposure.

show abstract

Quantitation of 2-chlorovinylarsonous acid in human urine by automated solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 50 publications

References 8 publications

Hand-portable gas chromatograph-toroidal ion trap mass spectrometer (GC-TMS) for detection of hazardous compounds

Hand-portable gas chromatograph-toroidal ion trap mass spectrometer (GC-TMS) for detection of hazardous compounds

Overview on Analysis of Free Metabolites for Detection of Exposure to Chemical Warfare Agents

Analysis of Urinary Metabolites of Sulfur Mustard in Two Individuals after Accidental Exposure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About