Quantifying the yield gap in wheat–maize cropping systems of the Hebei Plain, China

Liang, Weili; Carberry, Peter; Wang, Guiyan; Lu, R.; Lü, Hong-zhan; Xia, Ai-ping

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.07.010

Cited by 88 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Most farmers in China often overused and applied N fertilizer at the wrong times in intensive cropping systems [12,[51][52][53]. We found that the amount of N applied was the most important limiting management factor for the PFP N gap in 57.4% to 65.8% of all fields (Figure 6b).…”

Section: Effects Of Plant Density and N Application On Yield And Pfp Nmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Earlier planting significantly contributes to increasing yields, and delayed planting has been shown to lead to yield declines [24]. The maize grain yield will decrease if the crop is sown before the end of May or delayed after the middle of June in the NCP [50,52]. However, farmers decide when to sow only after they have a guarantee of irrigation, because the topsoil is too dry to germinate maize seed without extra moisture.…”

Section: Other Limiting Management Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Affecting Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Grain Yield of Summer Maize on Smallholder Farms in the North China Plain

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The summer maize yields and partial factor productivity of nitrogen (N) fertilizer (PFP N , grain yield per unit N fertilizer) on smallholder farms in China are low, and differ between farms due to complex, sub-optimal management practices. We collected data on management practices and yields from smallholder farms in three major summer maize-producing sites-Laoling, Quzhou and Xushui-in the North China Plain (NCP) for two growing seasons, during 2015-2016. Boundary line analysis and a Proc Mixed Model were used to evaluate the contribution of individual factors and their interactions. Summer maize grain yields and PFP N ranged from 6.6 t ha −1 to 14.2 t ha −1 and 15.4 kg kg −1 to 96.1 kg kg −1 , respectively, and averaged 10.5 t ha −1 and 49.1 kg kg −1 , respectively. The mean total yield gap and PFP N gap were 3.6 t ha −1 and 43.3 kg kg −1 in Laoling, 2.2 t ha −1 and 24.5 kg kg −1 in Xushui, and 2.8 t ha −1 and 41.1 kg kg −1 in Quzhou. A positive correlation was observed between the yield gap and PFP N gap; the PFP N gap could be reduced by 6.0 kg kg −1 (3.6-6.6 kg kg −1 ) by reducing the yield gap by 1 t ha −1 . The high yield and high PFP N (HH) fields had a higher plant density and lower N fertilization rate than the low yield and low PFP N (LL) fields. Our results show that multiple management factors caused the yield gap, but the relative contribution of plant density is slightly higher than that of other management practices, such as N input, the sowing date, and potassium fertilizer input. The low PFP N was mainly attributed to an over-application of N fertilizer. To enhance the sustainable production of summer maize, the production gaps should be tackled through programs that guide smallholder farmers on the adoption of optimal management practices.

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Section: Effects Of Plant Density and N Application On Yield And Pfp Nmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Other Limiting Management Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Grain Yield of Summer Maize on Smallholder Farms in the North China Plain

et al. 2018

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“…Long term average annual rainfall is 533 mm. Due to the summer monsoon, most precipitation (65-80%) occurs in summer, with 10-15% falling in each of spring and autumn and only 2% in winter (Liang et al, 2011). Weather data were from the weather station in Shijiazhuang (38.03 • N, 114.26 • E), at 60 km from the experimental site.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sowing densities were 490 plants m −2 for wheat, and 7 plants m −2 for both summer and spring maize. These values are representative for current agronomic practices (Liang et al, 2011). Four kinds of scenarios were simulated: (i) current irrigation practice (scenarios 1a-3a), (ii) ground water neutral, (iii) zero irrigation, (iv) selected cropping systems in one climate change scenario.…”

Section: Apsim Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards groundwater neutral cropping systems in the Alluvial Fans of the North China Plain

Oort

Wang

Vos

et al. 2016

Agricultural Water Management

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a b s t r a c tGroundwater levels in the North China Plain (NCP), the bread basket of China, have dropped more than one meter per year over the last 40 years, putting at risk the long term productivity of this region. Groundwater decline is most severe in the Alluvial Fans where our study site is located. Avoiding a foreseeable systems collapse requires region-wide changes in crop systems management, underpinned by sound environmental policies. Here, we explore the potential of crop system adaptation to remedy the excessive water use and quantify the likely yield penalties associated with more sustainable water use practices. Using simulations with the APSIM cropping systems model we explore production opportunities in an area within the NCP with intensive cropping and no access to irrigation from rivers. We estimate the attainable production levels for wheat and maize if agriculture were made groundwater neutral, through changes in crop sequence, irrigation practices and water conservation technologies (e.g. mulching with plastic film). Total grain production would drop by 44% compared to current practice if agriculture were made groundwater neutral. Water conservation by plastic film could limit this reduction to 21-33% but possible environmental impacts of plastic film need attention. This analysis facilitates a much needed debate on alternative agronomic practices and incentives through a quantitative comparison of adaptation options. Our biophysical analysis needs to be complemented with socio-economic considerations and discussions with all stakeholders. Similar analyses in other parts of the NCP are possible but require more accurate modelling of landscape hydrology and (towards the coast) risk of salt water intrusion.

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“…в получении полноценных всходов зерновых немаловажное значение имеет посев (Chen et al, 2010;Eberbach, Pala, 2005;Foulkes et al, 2011;Naresh et al, 2012). Задача посева состоит в получении дружных всходов посредством оптимального использования способа, срока посева, нормы высева, глубины заделки и распределении семян, ширины междурядий (Chen et al, 2010;Liang et al, 2011;Pandey et al, 2013;Shah et al, 2006). На полевую всхожесть семян заметное влияние оказывает глубина заделки.…”

Section: результаты и обсуждениеunclassified

Effect of sowing techniques on the agroecological parameters of cereal crops

et al. 2017

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In Western Siberia, the problem of obtaining full-fledged sprouts of cereal crops is due to hydrothermal conditions in the period of sowing-shoots, pests and diseases, and agronomical methods of sowing. In case of the direct sowing of cereal crops, the most common types of working organs of sowing machines are the V-sharped coulter, chisel and disc. The effectiveness of their use in the dry steppe of the Altai Territory has been poorly studied. To establish the most effective seed coulter in 26 farms in the dry part of the region, the studies were carried out from 2005 to 2012 on seeders with double disc coulters, with V-sharped coulters of domestic and foreign production, and with chisel-type coulters. The years of research (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011) were characterized by a moisture supply below the average (vegetation rainfall was 80% of the norm), and in 2012 -as an acute drought (40% of the norm). The most effective seeders in the cultivation of spring wheat in the dry steppe are seeders equipped with chisel-type coulters. They allow better preservation of soil moisture (by 17-28 mm to control) during the sowing period, improving the quality of crops, field germinating by 4.8 -12.0%, and increasing the yield of wheat. In the arid year of 2012, it amounted to 1.26 t/ha after fallow, 0.88 t/ha after peas, 0.46 t/ha after wheat, respectively, at 0.64, 0.59 and 0.25 t/ha for control (two-disc coulter SZP-3,6). Seeders with V-sharped coulters of domestic and foreign production, for wheat yields did not differ significantly, but exceeded the control under the conditions of the arid year by 0.21-0.59 t/ha, depending on the forecrop.

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Quantifying the yield gap in wheat–maize cropping systems of the Hebei Plain, China

Cited by 88 publications

References 9 publications

Factors Affecting Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Grain Yield of Summer Maize on Smallholder Farms in the North China Plain

Factors Affecting Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Grain Yield of Summer Maize on Smallholder Farms in the North China Plain

Towards groundwater neutral cropping systems in the Alluvial Fans of the North China Plain

Effect of sowing techniques on the agroecological parameters of cereal crops

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