Quantification and elimination of substituted synthetic phenols and volatile organic compounds in the wastewater treatment plant during the production of industrial scale polypropylene

This article studies the effects of arsine on the synthesis and thermal degradation of 4 samples of virgin polypropylene (PP-virgin) and proposes reaction mechanisms that allow understanding of its behaviour. Different points are monitored during the polypropylene synthesis to perform TGA, DSC, FT-IR, RDX, and MFI analyses later. The content of AsH3 in polypropylene varies between 0.05 and 4.73 ppm, and of arsenic in virgin PP residues between 0.001 and 4.32 ppm for PP0 and PP10, increasing in fluidity index from 3.0 to 24.51. The origin of thermo-oxidative degradation is explained by the reaction mechanisms of the Molecule AsH3 with the active titanium center of the ZN catalyst and the subsequent oxidation to form radical complexes. OO-AsH-TiCl4-MgCl2 and (OO-as-OO)2 -TiCl4-MgCl2, which, by radical reactions, give rise to the formation of functional groups aldehyde, ketone, alcohol, carboxylic acid, CO, CO2, PP-Polyol, PP-Polyether, and PP-Isopropylethers. These species caused the TG and DTG curves to increase degradation peaks in pp samples.

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“…Shazand Petrochemical, Iran, provided polymer-grade propylene. The hydrogen and nitrogen used had a purity of 99.999% [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Concentrations of Arsine on the Synthesis and Final Properties of Polypropylene

et al. 2022

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“…Polypropylene, a synthetic resin produced through the polymerization of propylene, is one of the important plastic resins; it is used in products that require toughness, flexibility, light weight, and heat resistance. Polypropylene is used in carpeting and upholstery, reusable containers, paper, adhesives, and electronics, among others; the annual worldwide production of polypropylene (PP) is estimated at several thousand tons [57]. Massive amounts of phenolic VOCs and substituted phenols are used in the production of polypropylene to improve the resin's thermo-oxidation properties.…”

Section: Phenolic Compounds In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Massive amounts of phenolic VOCs and substituted phenols are used in the production of polypropylene to improve the resin's thermo-oxidation properties. The presence of these substituted phenols in industrial wastewater and VOCs in the air has been shown to be in the hundreds of ppm range [57]. Such considerable quantities of toxic chemicals in production effluents can cause serious damage to the aquatic environment and the health of many species.…”

Section: Phenolic Compounds In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic Compounds in the Built Environment

Fini¹,

Ayat²,

Pahlavan³

2022

Phenolic Compounds - Chemistry, Synthesis, Diversity, Non-Conventional Industrial, Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Applications

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This chapter examines source and application of phenolic compounds in the built environment as well as their environmental fate and treatment methods. We further describe the role of phenolic compounds in delaying aging and degradation of outdoor construction elements when exposed to intense solar radiation. In this chapter both plant-based and synthetic sources of phenolic compounds and their fate in the environment were examined. In addition, merits of select sources of phenolic compounds to resist ultraviolet radiation in composites as well as delaying degradation were studied. This chapter further provides insights pertaining to the underlying molecular interactions which afford phenol’s role as an anti-aging additive for outdoor construction elements. This in turn provides a solution to promote bio-economy and enhance sustainability in the built environment.

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“…Usually, some of the matter, including microplastics, entering WWTPs are removed during the treatment [14,22]. Due to the constant discharge quantities of the treated effluent, despite the high disposal efficiency, which may be higher than 90% [23] in some cases, considerable amounts of microplastics can still be discharged into the wastewater effluent [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Quantification of Microplastics in Effluents of Wastewater Treatment Plant by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)

et al. 2022

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In this research, the presence of microplastics was detected through a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of three wastewater treatment plants. One of these plants applied only a preliminary treatment stage while the others applied up to a secondary treatment stage to evaluate their effectiveness. The results showed the presence of polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which were classified as fragments, fibers or granules. During the evaluation of the plants, it was determined that the preliminary treatment did not remove more than 58% of the microplastics, while the plants applying up to a secondary treatment with activated sludge achieved microplastic removal effectiveness between 90% and 96.9%.

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Quantification and elimination of substituted synthetic phenols and volatile organic compounds in the wastewater treatment plant during the production of industrial scale polypropylene

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of Different Concentrations of Arsine on the Synthesis and Final Properties of Polypropylene

Effects of Different Concentrations of Arsine on the Synthesis and Final Properties of Polypropylene

Phenolic Compounds in the Built Environment

Identification and Quantification of Microplastics in Effluents of Wastewater Treatment Plant by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)

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