Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Ethanolic Extract and Phenolic Fraction ofJatropha aethiopica(Euphorbiaceae) Leaves and Their Hypoglycemic Potential

Abstract

Although Jatropha aethiopica, popularly known in Cuba as "mata diabetes", is used in salads and as a dietary supplement, its chemical composition and antidiabetic properties yet remains unclear. In this work, we evaluate the qualitative and quantitative composition of ethanolic extract (EE) and phenolic fraction (PF) of Jatropha aethiopica leaves and their hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity. Chemical fractionation of the ethanolic extract yielded nine compounds, which included protocatechuic acid (1), chlorogenic acid (2), caffeic acid (3), quercetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranolsyl-(1 → 6)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (4), a new kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[α-l-rhamnopyranolsyl-(1 → 6)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (5), kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranolsyl-(1 → 6)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (6), rutin (7), kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (8), and quercetin (9). The compounds (1, 4-7) were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) in both the ethanolic extract (62.65 ± 0.15 mg/g) and phenolic fraction (61.72 ± 0.23 mg/g). The results obtained show that both ethanolic extract and phenolic fraction contributed toward the improvement of glucose tolerance, which in turn led to a decline in the glucose levels. Remarkably, the ethanolic extract presented a relatively higher promising effect compared to metformin.

Antidiabetic Stilbenes from Peony Seeds with PTP1B, α-Glucosidase, and DPPIV Inhibitory Activities

“…An HPLC-PDA quantitation was performed according to a method described previously. , Stock solutions of compounds 4 , 8 , and 10 were prepared in MeOH, each at 1 mg/mL. Work solutions were obtained after series dilutions with methanol to achieve five concentration levels in the range of 6.25 to 100.00 μg/mL.…”

Chemophenetic Significance of Anomalocalyx uleanus Metabolites Are Revealed by Dereplication Using Molecular Networking Tools

“…The families Euphorbiaceae and Meliaceae belong to the Rosids group; Meliaceae is included in the order Sapindales, while Euphorbiaceae is included in the order Malpighiales [46]. In addition to Meliaceae, cinchonain Ib (33) has already been identified in several families, such as Elaeagnaceae [47], Hypericaceae [48], Lauraceae [49], Rhizophoraceae [50], Rosaceae [51], Rubiaceae [52], Smilacaceae [53], and Theaceae [54] Chlorogenic acid (25) and its derivatives are present in Euphorbiaceae and could be isolated from some species of Euphorbiaceae, such as Jatropha aethiopica [55], Euphorbia peplus [56], Euphorbia hirta, Phyllanthus emblica, Ricinus communis [57], Sapium insigne [58], and Croton antisyphiliticus [39]. Coumarins are relatively common in many Euphorbiaceae genera, such as Pedilanthus [59], Cnidoscolus [22], Macaranga [60], Mallotus [61], Phyllanthus [62], Jatropha [63], Euphorbia [64], and others.…”

Jatropha dioica, an Aztec plant with promising pharmacological properties: A systematic review

“…Other studies show the hypoglycemic effect of the phenolic fraction and ethanolic extract isolated from leaves of Jatropha aethiopica. The authors deduced that the ethanolic extract as the phenolic fraction contributes to the improvement of glucose tolerance, but the ethanolic extract exhibited a relatively greater effect compared to a biguanide such as metformin (Gamiotea-Turro et al, 2018).…”