Qualitative and quantitative analysis of endophyte alkaloids in perennial ryegrass using near‐infrared spectroscopy

Abstract

NIRS is a suitable tool for qualitative analysis of endophyte alkaloids in grasses and for the accurate quantification of peramine and ergovaline. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

Near‐infrared spectroscopy allows detection and species identification of Epichloë endophytes in Lolium perenne

“…Strains of the M1 and M3 morphotypes may therefore have more features in common than the differences in culture morphotype and alkaloid profile. This made them indistinguishable by NIR spectroscopy in the ryegrass samples . The misclassification of M3 is therefore not an important method failure.…”

“…This made them indistinguishable by NIR spectroscopy in the ryegrass samples. 33,34 The misclassification of M3 is therefore not an important method failure. The clustering of M1 and M3 morphotypes was also observed after DNA sequencing of fungal strains belonging to these groups.…”

“…lolii can be classified into two distinct culture morphotypes, M1 and M3, and these are different from the M2 morphotype of E. typhina cultures . In a recent paper, we showed that NIRS is suitable for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of Epichloë alkaloids in perennial ryegrass samples . The objectives of this work were to evaluate the suitability of NIR spectroscopy for: (i) discriminating between perennial ryegrass plants infected or not infected with Epichloë endophytes; and (ii) recognizing the morphotype of the Epichloë endophyte directly in infected perennial ryegrass plants.…”

Determination of Loline Alkaloids and Mycelial Biomass in Endophyte-Infected Schedonorus pratensis by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

“…Almost ten years later NIRS was first used to measure forage quality [6] and since then became increasingly relevant to the extent that now it is a routine analysis technique in forage research and breeding. Most of these analyses predict aspects about forage composition in terms of chemical fractions such as crude protein, neutral-detergent fiber, acid-detergent fiber, water-soluble carbohydrates, lignin and dry-matter digestibility [6][7][8] and recently other parameters such as alkaloids [9]. Profiling forage grass cultivars at all these traits gives breeders valuable information on which they can base their selection for elite varieties with a high digestibility [10] or particular characteristics such as alkaloid profile [9,11].…”

“…These methods allow high precision measurements, but they use relatively complicated protocols, expensive chemicals and instruments. As an alternative technique for detecting alkaloid concentration, NIRS has been successfully used to quantify ergot alkaloids (in tall fescue and perennial ryegrass), indole diterpenoids and peramine (in perennial ryegrass) [9,26] but not for lolines. Lolines derive from homoserine and proline and are classified as aminopyrrolozidine.…”