Major ergot alkaloids in naturally contaminated cool-season barley grain grown under a cold climate condition in western Canada, explored with near-infrared (NIR) and fourier transform mid-infrared (ATR-FT/MIR) spectroscopy

Shi, Haitao; Schwab, W.; Liu, Na; Yu, Peiqiang

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.03.025

Cited by 24 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Fungal structures of Claviceps species are produced instead of kernels on grain ears or seeds on grass heads, with large and dark sclerotia representing the final stage of the disease, known as "ergots" [213]. Psychological and physiological effects in humans can occur by ergot poisoning, affecting blood supply to the extremities and central nervous system, while, in animal health, there are problems associated with reduced productivity, diarrhea, and internal bleeding [44,214].…”

Section: Ergot Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, ergot alkaloids appear more in rye and rye-based foods as compared to other cereals [217]. Even if ergot bodies are removed by a hand-cleaning procedure, EAs could remain in grains [214].…”

Section: Ergot Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ergocristine, ergosine, ergotamine, ergometrine, ergocornine, and ergocryptine are the EAs with the highest frequency of detection [214]. In the EU, no maximum permitted levels of EAs are set for feed or food, and the only available standard (EU) sets a limit of 0.5 g/kg for the sum of ergot alkaloids in unprocessed cereals, except for maize and rice [218].…”

Section: Ergot Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Occurrence, Importance, and Mycotoxin Control Strategies: Prevention and Detoxification in Foods

Agriopoulou

Stamatelopoulou

Varzakas

2020

Foods

428

388

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Mycotoxins are toxic substances that can infect many foods with carcinogenic, genotoxic, teratogenic, nephrotoxic, and hepatotoxic effects. Mycotoxin contamination of foodstuffs causes diseases worldwide. The major classes of mycotoxins that are of the greatest agroeconomic importance are aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, trichothecenes, emerging Fusarium mycotoxins, enniatins, ergot alkaloids, Alternaria toxins, and patulin. Thus, in order to mitigate mycotoxin contamination of foods, many control approaches are used. Prevention, detoxification, and decontamination of mycotoxins can contribute in this purpose in the pre-harvest and post-harvest stages. Therefore, the purpose of the review is to elaborate on the recent advances regarding the occurrence of main mycotoxins in many types of important agricultural products, as well as the methods of inactivation and detoxification of foods from mycotoxins in order to reduce or fully eliminate them.

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Section: Ergot Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ergot Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ergot Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Occurrence, Importance, and Mycotoxin Control Strategies: Prevention and Detoxification in Foods

Agriopoulou

Stamatelopoulou

Varzakas

2020

Foods

428

388

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“…Regarding methods of analysis, alternative analytical techniques have been proposed for determination of EAs in feeds, such as infrared spectroscopy, 35,36 or liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to fluorescence detection, 37,38 although LC coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) 19,26 is usually chosen for their unequivocal confirmation. Concerning sample treatment, extractions with different solvents or QuEChERS are generally proposed for extraction of EAs from cereal grains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of principal ergot alkaloids in swine feeding

et al. 2021

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BACKGROUND Ergot alkaloids are secondary metabolites produced by fungi in the genus Claviceps. They contaminate a large variety of cereals, such as rye, triticale, wheat and barley. The ingestion of contaminated cereals might cause adverse health effects in humans and animals. In fact, pigs, cattle, sheep, and poultry are involved in sporadic outbreaks and, although there are several studies about occurrence of ergot alkaloids in grain cereals, there are scarce studies focused on compound feed. RESULTS Twelve ergot alkaloids have been quantified in 228 feed samples intended for swine. The analytes were extracted using QuEChERS with Z‐Sep+ as sorbent in the clean‐up step, which reduced the matrix effect, allowing limits of quantification between 2.1 and 21.7 μg kg–1. The analytes were subsequently quantified by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS). A total of 29 samples (12.7%) revealed contamination by at least one ergot alkaloid, and among contaminated samples, 65% were contaminated by more than one. Only 6 of 12 target ergot alkaloids showed concentrations above the limit of quantification. The concentrations for individual ergot alkaloids ranged between 5.9 μg kg–1 for ergosinine to 145.3 μg kg–1 for ergometrine (the predominant ergot alkaloid), while the total ergot alkaloid content ranged from 5.9 to 158.7 μg kg–1. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of ergot alkaloids in feed samples in Spain seems to be lower than in other regions of Europe. All the samples fulfilled current recommendations of the feed industry about practical limits for ergot alkaloids in pig feeds. This suggests that the feeds are safe for pig consumption, regarding the presence of ergot alkaloids. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…Ergot Alkaloids: 2016 detection of 25 ergot alkaloids in cereal samples by LC-MS/MS [ 985 ]; comparison of ESI and APPI coupled with LC-MS for the analysis of ergot alkaloids [ 986 ]; HPLC-FLD method for detection of five ergot alkaloids (ergometrine, ergotamine, ergocornine, ergocrypine and ergocristine) in animal feed [ 987 ]; UHPLC-HRMS for screening of ergot alkaloids in animal feed [ 988 ]; determination of the bioactive alkaloids tabersonine, serpentine, vindoline, catharanthine, tryptamine, and vincamine in Apocynaceae plants (C. roseus and V. minor) by LC-MS/MS [ 989 ]; 2017 review [ 990 ]; MALDI-MSI for imaging distribution of alkaloids [ 991 ]; review [ 992 ]; determination of three new ergot alkaloids by HRMS [ 993 ]; determination of the total ergot alkaloids in rye using HPTLC-FLD [ 994 ]; response surface methodology for the identification, screening and optimization of fermentation factors to produce ergot alkaloids [ 995 ]; identification of a new species by molecular and ergot alkaloid profile analysis [ 996 ]; identification of alpha-CPA by UHPLC Triple-TOF HRMS [ 997 ]; NIR hyperspectral imaging for the detection of ergot bodies in cereal flour [ 998 ]; 2018 LAESI-MS for detection of ergot alkaloids [ 999 ]; testing of 122 samples of rye grains harvested in three different regions of Poland in 2016 and 2017 for ergot and its alkaloids [ 1000 ]; a total ergot alkaloid EIA compared with HPLC-FLD for the determination of total ergot alkaloids [ 1001 ]; multi-laboratory study to determine applicability of HPLC-FLD and HPLC-MS/MS for the determination of ergot alkaloids in rye-containing breads [ 1002 ]; review [ 1003 ]; UHPLC-FLD method for the quantification of the six major ergot alkaloids and their corresponding epimers [ 1004 ]; ergot alkaloids determination using spectrophotometry and TLC [ 1005 ]; review of IR spectroscopy for the detection of ergot alkaloids [ 1006 ]; 2019 protocol introducing lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for internal standardization of the analysis of ergot alkaloids by LC-FLD [ 1007 ]; 2D LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 350 pesticides, 16 mycotoxins, 6 ergot alkaloids as well as the growth regulators Chlormequat and Mepiqua [ 1008 ]; NIR and ATR-FT/MIR spectroscopy for the determination of major ergot alkaloids [ 1009 ].…”

Section: Routine and Improved Analyses Of Abused Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%