Pyrrolidine alkaloids and their promises in pharmacotherapy

Islam, Muhammad Torequl; Mubarak, Mohammad S.

doi:10.1007/s13596-019-00419-4

Cited by 40 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Among these, the pyrrolidine motif occupies a central position as a constituent of a plethora of natural products [2] and marketed drugs [1] . and promising pharmacotherapeutics [3] . N‐methyl pyrrolidine is found in a number of alkaloids among which nicotine, 3‐(N‐methylpyrrodinyl) pyridine, is perhaps historically the most notorious.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stereoselective Synthesis of Oxabicyclic Pyrrolidines of Medicinal Relevance: Merging Chemoenzymatic and Catalytic Methods

et al. 2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] and promising pharmacotherapeutics. [3] N-methyl pyrrolidine is found in a number of alkaloids among which nicotine, 3-(N-methylpyrrodinyl) pyridine, is perhaps historically the most notorious. Pyrrolidine and related azacycles have been the subject of extensive synthetic studies in relation to a large family of natural products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereoselective Synthesis of Oxabicyclic Pyrrolidines of Medicinal Relevance: Merging Chemoenzymatic and Catalytic Methods

et al. 2020

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“…In this assay, the non-antimicrobial compound pyrrospirone G showed the best activities. In the same fungus, two other antimicrobial alkaloids were discovered by these authors, namely, penicipyrrodiether A [17] in 2018 (8) and penicipyrroether A [18] in 2019 (9). Both alkaloids have the same antimicrobial spectrum as compounds 3-7.…”

Section: Indolesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Based on their chemical skeleton, alkaloids can be categorized in different classes which are investigated with a different degree of interest. Reviews on pyrrolidine alkaloids [9], marine indole alkaloids [10], and marine diketopiperazines (DKPs) [11,12] were published. This review gives an update on newly discovered alkaloids belonging to those classes, but with a focus on molecules with antimicrobial activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaloids from Marine Fungi: Promising Antimicrobials

et al. 2020

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Resistance of pathogenic microorganisms against antimicrobials is a major threat to contemporary human society. It necessitates a perpetual influx of novel antimicrobial compounds. More specifically, Gram− pathogens emerged as the most exigent danger. In our continuing quest to search for novel antimicrobial molecules, alkaloids from marine fungi show great promise. However, current reports of such newly discovered alkaloids are often limited to cytotoxicity studies and, moreover, neglect to discuss the enigma of their biosynthesis. Yet, the latter is often a prerequisite to make them available through sufficiently efficient processes. This review aims to summarize novel alkaloids with promising antimicrobial properties discovered in the past five years and produced by marine fungi. Several discovery strategies are summarized, and knowledge gaps in biochemical production routes are identified. Finally, links between the structure of the newly discovered molecules and their activity are proposed. Since 2015, a total of 35 new antimicrobial alkaloids from marine fungi were identified, of which 22 showed an antibacterial activity against Gram− microorganisms. Eight of them can be classified as narrow-spectrum Gram− antibiotics. Despite this promising ratio of novel alkaloids active against Gram− microorganisms, the number of newly discovered antimicrobial alkaloids is low, due to the narrow spectrum of discovery protocols that are used and the fact that antimicrobial properties of newly discovered alkaloids are barely characterized. Alternatives are proposed in this review. In conclusion, this review summarizes novel findings on antimicrobial alkaloids from marine fungi, shows their potential as promising therapeutic candidates, and hints on how to further improve this potential.

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“…antifungal, antiparasitic and anthelmintic, anticancer, anti-hyperglycemic, organ protective, and neuropharmacological activities. Additionally, some alkaloids have been identified to exert toxic effects on animal organs [40]. Also, leptaflorine reported applications of biocatalysts in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals [41].…”

Section: Phytochemical Screening Of Libyan P Harmalamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Phytochemical Screening of Ethanolic Crude Extracts of Libyan Peganum harmala Seeds

Allaq

Sidik

Abdul-Aziz

et al. 2021

JPRI

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Peganum harmala is one of the most famous medicinal plants and natural products commonly used in traditional medicine and extensively spread in Middle and East Asia and North Africa. This study aimed to evaluate the radical scavenging activity of ethanolic crude extracts of P. harmala seeds from Libya using DPPH assay; to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of the P. harmala seeds crude extracts against Gram-negative Salmonella typhi ATCC14028 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and also Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591; and to screen the phytochemicals in the ethanolic crude extracts of the Libyan P. harmala seeds using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The IC50 value of P. harmala seeds extract was 179.62±7.32 μg/mL. The MIC ranged from 1.95 to 31.25 mg/mL while the MBC ranged from 7.80 to 62.50 mg/mL. The eight compounds identified were harmine, harmaline, leptalorine, hexahydro fluorene, 3-methoxy-6-methyl, 1H-pyrido [3,4-b]indole,2,34,9- tetrahydro-6methoxy-1-methyl, 9,12-octadienoic acid ethyl ester, linoleic acid ethyl ester, 9,12-octadienoic acid (z,z). This study has, therefore, revealed the antixodant and antibacterial efficacy of P. harmala ethanolic extract. Thus, it could be further developed as a substitute for chemical antioxidants and as antibacterials agent.

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Pyrrolidine alkaloids and their promises in pharmacotherapy

Cited by 40 publications

References 80 publications

Stereoselective Synthesis of Oxabicyclic Pyrrolidines of Medicinal Relevance: Merging Chemoenzymatic and Catalytic Methods

Stereoselective Synthesis of Oxabicyclic Pyrrolidines of Medicinal Relevance: Merging Chemoenzymatic and Catalytic Methods

Alkaloids from Marine Fungi: Promising Antimicrobials

Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Phytochemical Screening of Ethanolic Crude Extracts of Libyan Peganum harmala Seeds

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