Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Phytochemical Screening of Ethanolic Crude Extracts of Libyan Peganum harmala Seeds

Abstract

Peganum harmala is one of the most famous medicinal plants and natural products commonly used in traditional medicine and extensively spread in Middle and East Asia and North Africa. This study aimed to evaluate the radical scavenging activity of ethanolic crude extracts of P. harmala seeds from Libya using DPPH assay; to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of the P. harmala seeds crude extracts against Gram-negative Salmonella typhi ATCC14028 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and also Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591; and to screen the phytochemicals in the ethanolic crude extracts of the Libyan P. harmala seeds using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The IC50 value of P. harmala seeds extract was 179.62±7.32 μg/mL. The MIC ranged from 1.95 to 31.25 mg/mL while the MBC ranged from 7.80 to 62.50 mg/mL. The eight compounds identified were harmine, harmaline, leptalorine, hexahydro fluorene, 3-methoxy-6-methyl, 1H-pyrido [3,4-b]indole,2,34,9- tetrahydro-6methoxy-1-methyl, 9,12-octadienoic acid ethyl ester, linoleic acid ethyl ester, 9,12-octadienoic acid (z,z). This study has, therefore, revealed the antixodant and antibacterial efficacy of P. harmala ethanolic extract. Thus, it could be further developed as a substitute for chemical antioxidants and as antibacterials agent.

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Phytochemical and FTIR Analysis of Peganum harmala (Fruit) Ethanolic Extract From Cholistan Desert, Pakistan

“…Various chemical tests were performed using hydro-ethanolic extract of P. harmala to detect the presence of various phytoconstituents like terpenes, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, proteins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins and phenolic compounds. 22 …”

“…Various chemical tests were performed using hydro-ethanolic extract of P. harmala to detect the presence of various phytoconstituents like terpenes, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, proteins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins and phenolic compounds. 22 Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopic analysis. The plant extract was checked utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectrometer in the scope of 4000-400 cm À1 .…”

“… 17 It also possess numerous pharmacological properties such as narcotic, 18 alterative, 19 anthelmintic, 20 antiperiodic, 21 emetic 14 and antispasmodic. 22 P. harmala has been utilized for the management of many diseases such as jaundice, 17 emmenagogue, lumbago, 23 colic, 24 asthma 25 and as a stimulant. 26 Seeds have hallucinogenic and hypothermic properties.…”

Preparation and Application of Active Bionanocomposite Films Based on Sago Starch Reinforced with a Combination of TiO2 Nanoparticles and Penganum harmala Extract for Preserving Chicken Fillets

“…Previous studies have claimed the presence of alkaloids in P. harmala seeds for their biological and pharmacological activities [18]. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of P. harmala seed extracts has been reported by researchers [19,20]. Based on our knowledge, the synergistic effects of the P. harmala seed extracts and nano TiO 2 were not investigated in polymeric packaging.…”

Assessment of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Property of Polyphenol-Rich Chitosan-Pineapple Peel Film

“…e minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is defined as the lowest value of the concentration of an active antimicrobial agent that prevents the visible growth of bacteria (bacteriostatic effect) and is used to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of various compounds. On the other hand, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) is the lowest concentration of an antibacterial agent required to kill a bacterium (bactericidal effect) [47]. e MIC and MBC values of the pineapple peel extracts were nearly similar against the four pathogenic microorganisms (Table 5).…”