Pyrogenic carbon and its role in contaminant immobilization in soils

Qi, Fang; Kuppusamy, Saranya; Naidu, Ravi; Bolan, Nanthi; Ok, Yong Sik; Lamb, Dane; Li, Yubiao; Yu, Linbo; Semple, Kirk T.; Wang, Hailong

doi:10.1080/10643389.2017.1328918

Cited by 76 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 435 publications

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“…The low level of PAH accumulation in S-SOM proves that the E-SOM faction played a dominant role in hydrocarbon association in this experiment. The different degree of PAH sorption by S-SOM probably depends on the chemical and structural heterogeneity of SOM (Pignatello et al 2006;Pignatello 2012;Chen et al 2017;Qi et al 2017). This effect has been more described in detail in our previous publication (Ukalska-Jaruga et al 2019b).…”

Section: Effect Of Ercm-biochar On Pah Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…A significantly lower overall decrease of PAHs-tot concentration in soils with biochar indicate that PAHs are rapidly absorbed by biochar as a result of possible occlusion in its porous structure, while in soils without biochar addition, PAHs are easier decomposed and/or to get slowly bound by soil components during the experimental time. The highly porous biochar structure favors physical protection of occluded compounds against microbial decomposition and chemical extraction (Pignatello et al 2012;Qi et al 2017).…”

Section: Effect Of Ercm-biochar On Pah Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can cause condensation of PAHs, depending on the compound, its concentration, and pore size. Furthermore, the force field inside confining pores, i.e., pores whose width is two sorbate molecular diameters or less, is stronger than on a flat surface because of multiple interactions with the walls (Pignatello 1998;Qi et al 2017). Nevertheless, the interaction of biochar particles with soil components may lead to pores blocking and closing the PAHs present there.…”

Section: Effect Of Ercm-biochar On Pah Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results of MANOVA confirmed the significant influence of aging time and soil organic matter content on the PAH-tot concentration in soils (Table 2). Organic matter is recognized as one of the main components that determine the sorption of organic contaminants (Pignatello 2012;Klimkowicz-Pawlas et al 2017;Qi et al 2017;Ukalska-Jaruga et al 2019b). Our results confirmed that native organic matter actively involved in the binding of organic contaminants even after introducing exogenous organic matter (such as ERCM) into the soil (Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Ercm-biochar On Pah Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissipation and sorption processes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to organic matter in soils amended by exogenous rich-carbon material

2019

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Purpose The aim of the research was to assess the effect of biochar addition on aging, degradation, and sorption processes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to soil organic matter. The study was carried out as a sorption experiment in strictly controlled water and air conditions, which allowed for the accurate observation and prediction of PAH behavior in soils. Materials and methods Four soils were fortified with a PAH mixture (Fluorene-Flu, Anthracene-Ant, Phenanthrene-Phe, Pyrene-Pyr, Chrysene-Chry) at 20 mg kg −1 of single-compound concentration level. The experiment was carried out in two trials: soils + 5PAHs amended with biochar and soil + 5PAHs without biochar addition with incubation times of 0, 1, 3, 6, and 9 months. After each interval time, the extractable (E-SOM) and stable organic matter (S-SOM) were measured as well as PAHs determined in two forms: total concentration (PAH-tot) and residual concentration (PAH-rest) after E-SOM extraction. The PAH loss and halflife times were estimated according to pseudo first-order kinetics equation. Results and discussion The amounts of PAH-tot in the soils without biochar decreased by an average of 92%, while in soil with biochar, this was 41% after 9 months of aging. The amount of PAHs-rest bounded with S-SOM after 9 months of incubation varied from 0.9 to 3.5% and 0.2 to 1.3% of the initial PAH concentration, respectively, for soils non-induced and induced by biochar. In soils without biochar, Flu, Ant, Phe, and Pyr exhibited similar T 1/2 (43-59 days), but Chry was characterized by a much higher and broader T 1/2 than other hydrocarbons (67-280 days). Biochar addition to the soils significantly influenced the half-life changes for all PAHs. The highest changes were noted for Phe (14-fold increase), and the lowest was for Flu (7-fold increase). Conclusions The addition of exogenous-rich carbon material such as biochar to the soil significantly changes the behavior and sorption potential of PAHs in the soil. Soils enriched with biochar are characterized by a higher persistence of PAHs, longer aging time, and lower affinity for sorption by native organic matter structures. Soils freshly polluted by PAH are mainly sorbed by E-SOM, which significantly increases their accessibility and reduces formation of bound-residues in the soil.

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Section: Effect Of Ercm-biochar On Pah Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Effect Of Ercm-biochar On Pah Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Ercm-biochar On Pah Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Ercm-biochar On Pah Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissipation and sorption processes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to organic matter in soils amended by exogenous rich-carbon material

2019

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“…At a higher pH, more carboxylic groups on the surface of the biochar deprotonate (i.e., H+ ions dissociate), therefore, there are fewer protons in competition for the same sites (Lu et al, 2014). In addition, the presence of other elements such as K, Na, Ca, and Mg (Tang et al, 2013;Qi et al, 2017a); surface area; porosity; and surface charge (Li et al, 2017) are involved in the mechanisms of metal immobilization by biochars. Thus, other mechanisms not described in this research may have occurred as suggested by Tang et al (2013) for sorption of lead by biochar.…”

Section: A B Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alleviation of aluminum and cadmium toxicity by biochar and its potential toxicity to sorghum

Almeida

Santos

Pandey

et al. 2020

SCA

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Highlights:Use of biochar to mitigate soils contaminated by trace elements. Pyrolysis as an alternative to sewage sludge disposal in the environment. Some mechanisms involved in the alleviation of soil acidity by biochar. A rapid and simple test to assess biochar toxicity. Biochar as a strong and effective sorbent for aluminum and cadmium. AbstractBiochar has been used as an alternative in organic wastes management and to alleviate trace elements toxicity. The aim of this research was to use a rapid and simple test to detect the potential toxic effects of biochar and its ability to alleviate aluminum and cadmium toxicity to seeds and seedlings of Sorghum bicolor L. Two experiments were carried out in Petri dishes with two different biochars where sorghum seeds were exposed to aluminum (experiment 1) and cadmium (experiment 2) solutions. The experimental designs were completely randomized, with five doses of aluminum or cadmium in aqueous solution (0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mmol/L of Al or Cd), combined with or without the addition of 0.25 g of biochar from sugarcane bagasse or from sewage sludge. Compared to treatments without biochar, in the treatments with biochar, higher seed germination rate and growth of sorghum seedlings were obtained. Moreover, the biochars were not toxic to sorghum and they decreased the toxicity of aluminum and cadmium, mainly the biochar from sewage sludge that presented higher pH and greater occurrence of functional groups in its particles. ResumoO biochar tem sido utilizado como uma alternativa para o manejo de resíduos orgânicos e na remedição da toxidez por elementos traços. Objetivou-se com essa pesquisa usar um teste rápido e simples para detectar os potenciais efeitos tóxicos do biochar e sua capacidade de minimizar a toxidez por alumínio e cádmio para sementes e plântulas de Sorghum bicolor L. Conduziu-se dois experimentos em placas de Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 41, n. 1, p. 95-108, jan./fev. 2020 Almeida, J. B. et al.Petri com dois diferentes biochars onde as sementes de sorgo foram expostas às soluções de alumínio (experimento 1) e cádmio (experimento 2). Os delineamentos experimentais foram inteiramente casualizados, com cinco doses de alumínio ou cádmio na solução aquosa (0, 0,5, 1, 2 e 4 mmol L-1 de Al ou Cd), combinados com ou sem a adição de 0,25g de biochar de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (BB) ou de lodo de esgoto (BS). Nos tratamentos com biochar, obtém-se maior percentagem de germinação de sementes e crescimento de plântulas de sorgo em relação a ausência de biochar. Além disso, os biochars não são tóxicos para o sorgo e minimizam a toxicidade por alumínio e cádmio, principalmente o BS que apresenta maior pH e maior ocorrência de grupos funcionais em suas partículas. Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor. Elementos traços. Acidez do solo. Pirólise. Resíduos orgânicos.

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