PVA/Poly(hexamethylene guanidine)/Gallic Acid Composite Hydrogel Films and Their Antibacterial Performance

Abstract

Carboxylated poly­(vinyl alcohol) (PVA-COOH) is prepared by modifying PVA with succinic anhydride. Then, poly­(hexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) as a cross-linker and gallic acid (GA) as an antioxidant are added to obtain PVA-based composite hydrogel films (PVA-COOH-PHMG/GA). The as-prepared PVA-based composite films show hydrophilic surfaces, high swelling ratios of 600–700%, low water solubility for PVA-COOH-PHMG samples (about 10%), and good mechanical properties. Importantly, when the initial bacterial concentration is 107 CFU/mL, the antibacterial rate of PVA-based composite films against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus can reach 99.999%. When the initial bacterial concentration is 108 CFU/mL, the antibacterial rates of these composite films against E. coli and S. aureus can be 99.9999% and 99.988%, respectively. The antibacterial mechanism is also discussed via a live/dead bacteria assay. The cytotoxicity test reveals that the resultant PVA-COOH-PHMG composite hydrogel films without GA have good biocompatibility toward L929 cells, but PVA-COOH-PHMG/GA composite films with addition of GA decrease the cell viability. Interestingly, the PVA-COOH-PHMG/GA composite hydrogel films can scavenge 70% of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical because of the release of GA, indicating an excellent antioxidant efficiency. It is anticipated that the resultant PVA-based composite hydrogel films with an adequate amount of GA not only possess excellent antibacterial properties but also exhibit a good antioxidant activity. Therefore, they show potential for biomedical field applications as wound dressings.

Cellulose-Pulp-Based Stretchable Composite Film with Hydroxyethyl Cellulose and Turmeric Powder for Packaging Applications

“…The cells showed relatively high activity and proliferation abilities with turmeric-powder-loaded composite films. These observations indicate that CP, CP/HEC, and CP/HEC/turmeric-powder-based composites did not induce any detrimental effects on HaCaT; therefore, the composites are safe for use in biological applications. − …”

Anti-adhesive activity of some secondary metabolites against Staphylococcus aureus on 3D printing medical materials

“…1 and 2, it noted that our studied metabolites were effective in the inhibition of S.aureus, for both materials studied. The work of (Yang et al 2021) showed that the as-prepared PCP/GA composite hydrogel lms had a high antibacterial activity of 99.999% against E. coli and S. aureus. Bennouna et al 2019 also reported that C. atlantica essential oil could be used as an alternative to synthetic chemical products, to produce an anti-adhesive and antimicrobial cedar wood surface and prevent bio lm development by modifying the physicochemical parameters of surfaces.…”

“…TA has been certi ed by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and has the ability to interact with biopolymers such as albumin, chitosan, collagen, and gelatin via non-covalent interactions (Feng et al 2021). Gallic acid not only possess excellent antibacterial properties but also exhibit a good antioxidant activity (Yang et al 2021). Epicatechin gallate (ECG) has received interest in dietary modi cation, tannery, and cancer therapy due to its ability to scavenge free radicals and increase protein binding To our knowledge, there is no studies showed the anti-adhesive activity of plants secondary metabolites versus 3D printing materials especially ABS and Nylon in medical eld.…”

Resveratrol Triggered the Quick Self-Assembly of Gallic Acid into Therapeutic Hydrogels for Healing of Bacterially Infected Wounds

“…These supramolecular hydrogels with self-healing properties, high stability, and environmental responsiveness (temperature and pH sensitivity) have outstanding effects on wound healing . Similarly, plant polyphenols rich in catechol or pyrogallol moieties including tannic acid and gallic acid (GA) have been widely reported to form nanocoatings or nanoparticles through self-polymerization using enzymes, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, or using mildly alkaline solutions. , These phenolic-based biomaterials enable the carriers with excellent antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities, demonstrating their potential in the applications of drug delivery and bioimaging. − Phenolic compounds have also been grafted onto the backbone of other polymers such as chitosan or chitin to form hydrogels that enhance their mechanical and biological properties. , However, to our best knowledge, there is no report showing that pure phenolic compounds could be self-assembled into hydrogels under the existing circumstances. Recently, we found that GA could be self-assembled into microfibers under heating–cooling treatment.…”