Push-Pull Optical Pumping of Pure Superposition States

Jau, Yuan‐Yu; Miron, E.; Post, Amber; Kuzma, N. N.; Happer, W.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.93.160802

Cited by 156 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

129

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the case of circularly polarized light fields, for example, this restriction leads to a significant reduction of CPT resonance amplitude since a large fraction of the atomic population becomes trapped in the "end" Zeeman states with the maximum value of the angular momentum (m F = F or m F = −F ) and not in the desired magnetic-field-insensitive states with m F = 0 [4]. To mitigate this problem, a variety of CPT schemes [5][6][7][8] as well as related coherent resonances [9][10][11] were proposed and studied by different groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent-population-trapping resonances with linearly polarized light for all-optical miniature atomic clocks

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present a joint theoretical and experimental characterization of the coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance excited on the D 1 line of 87 Rb atoms by bichromatic linearly polarized laser light. We observe high-contrast transmission resonances (up to ≈25%), which makes this excitation scheme promising for miniature all-optical atomic clock applications. We also demonstrate cancellation of the first-order light shift by proper choice of the frequencies and relative intensities of the two laser-field components. Our theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experimental results.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent-population-trapping resonances with linearly polarized light for all-optical miniature atomic clocks

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The original proposal of the pushpull optical pumping technique [13] aimed at increasing the contrast of the magnetically insensitive transitions in atomic clocks by polarization modulation at the clock (i.e., hyperfine transition) frequency. The method has been demonstrated for the clock transition in rubidium [14], potassium [15], and cesium [16].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-sensitivity push-pull magnetometer

Breschi

Grujić

Knowles

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We describe our approach to atomic magnetometry based on the push-pull optical pumping technique. Cesium vapor is pumped and probed by a resonant laser beam whose circular polarization is modulated synchronously with the spin evolution dynamics induced by a static magnetic field. The magnetometer is operated in a phase-locked loop, and it has an intrinsic sensitivity below 20fT/ √ Hz using a room temperature paraffin-coated cell. We use the magnetometer to monitor magnetic field fluctuations with a sensitivity of 300fT/ √ Hz.A scalar atomic magnetometer measures the modulus of a static magnetic field via the Larmor frequency at which the atomic magnetic moments precess coherently. Resonant laser light is used both to create a macroscopic magnetization by orienting the atomic spins, and to detect the effect of the precessing magnetization on the medium's optical absorption coefficient.Atomic magnetometry dates back to the 1960s [1] and in the 1990s, interest in the topic resurged due to the development of compact diode lasers and microfabrication technologies. Several recent review articles have been devoted to atomic magnetometry [2][3][4].In a traditional atomic magnetometer, polarized light resonant with an atomic absorption line produces an imbalance of magnetic sublevel populations by optical pumping, thus creating spin polarization, and an associated macroscopic magnetization. In the so-called double resonance magnetometer (which may be realized in, a weak magnetic field, referred to as radio-frequency or 'rf' field, oscillating at frequency ν rf , drives transitions between neighboring Zeeman-split sublevels, thereby destroying the polarization, an effect that is resonantly enhanced when ν rf matches the Larmor frequency, ν L . This principle finds a widespread use in commercial magnetometers.One may view the rf field in the scheme outlined above as a mechanism that synchronizes the spin precession of the polarized atoms. In an alternative approach, spin synchronization is achieved by a suitable modulation of the pumping light [5] using amplitude [6], frequency [7][8][9], or polarization [10-12] modulation. The latter approaches to magnetometry yield magnetically-silent magnetometers, in which no oscillating magnetic field is applied to the sensor proper. The sensor thus does not produce any field other than the excessively weak field of the polarized atoms themselves. This is an important aspect for avoiding sensor crosstalk in multi-sensor applications.Here we present a so-called push-pull magnetometer that is based on the modulation -at the Larmor frequency -of the light beam's polarization between leftand right-circular. The original proposal of the pushpull optical pumping technique [13] aimed at increasing the contrast of the magnetically insensitive transitions in atomic clocks by polarization modulation at the clock (i.e., hyperfine transition) frequency. The method has been demonstrated for the clock transition in rubidium [14], potassium [15], and cesium [16]. So far, it has not been explored in ...

show abstract

“…This is why the clock transition cannot be observed with lin lin polarizations [7,9]. It has been shown that counter-rotating circular polarizations are efficient if one of the two circularly polarized beam is phase delayed by π relative to the other [10][11][12], or equivalently by linearly and orthogonally polarized beams [13]. Another possibility is to use a beam with alternating opposite circular polarizations [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent population trapping with polarization modulation

Yun

Guérandel

Clercq

2016

Journal of Applied Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coherent population trapping (CPT) is extensively studied for future vapor cell clocks of high frequency stability. In the constructive polarization modulation CPT scheme, a bichromatic laser field with polarization and phase synchronously modulated is applied on an atomic medium. A high contrast CPT signal is observed in this so-called double-modulation configuration, due to the fact that the atomic population does not leak to the extreme Zeeman states, and that the two CPT dark states, which are produced successively by the alternate polarizations, add constructively. Here we experimentally investigate CPT signal dynamics first in the usual configuration, a single circular polarization. The double-modulation scheme is then addressed in both cases: one pulse Rabi interaction and two pulses Ramsey interaction. The impact and the optimization of the experimental parameters involved in the time sequence are reviewed. We show that a simple sevenlevel model explains the experimental observations. The double-modulation scheme yields a high contrast similar to the one of other high contrast configurations like push-pull optical pumping or crossed linear polarization scheme, with a setup allowing a higher compactness. The constructive polarization modulation is attractive for atomic clock, atomic magnetometer and high precision spectroscopy applications.

show abstract

Push-Pull Optical Pumping of Pure Superposition States

Cited by 156 publications

References 18 publications

Coherent-population-trapping resonances with linearly polarized light for all-optical miniature atomic clocks

Coherent-population-trapping resonances with linearly polarized light for all-optical miniature atomic clocks

A high-sensitivity push-pull magnetometer

Coherent population trapping with polarization modulation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About