Pulsed electron beam facility (GESA) for surface treatment of materials

Engelko, V.; Yatsenko, B. P.; Mueller, Georg; Bluhm, H.

doi:10.1016/s0042-207x(00)00446-2

Cited by 110 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…All surface modifications are carried out using the GESA facilities [2,3]. GESA I (1996) and GESA II * corresponding author; e-mail: alfons.weisenburger@ihm.fzk.de (2000) have been developed for this purpose in cooperation between the Efremov Institute St. Petersburg, Russia, and the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (FZK), Germany, who runs both facilities in its laboratories.…”

Section: Gesa Facilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GESA I (1996) and GESA II * corresponding author; e-mail: alfons.weisenburger@ihm.fzk.de (2000) have been developed for this purpose in cooperation between the Efremov Institute St. Petersburg, Russia, and the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (FZK), Germany, who runs both facilities in its laboratories. Table summarises the most important parameters of the GESA I and II facilities at FZK [2]. The two facilities have the same principal setup: electron injector of triode type with a multipoint explosive emission cathode, transport channel, treatment chamber, magnetic system, high-voltage generator, pulse-duration control unit (PDCU), vacuum system, control rack, radiation protection and mechanical support.…”

Section: Gesa Facilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intense Pulsed Electron Beams Application οf Modified Materials

Weisenburger

Engelko

et al. 2009

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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Intense pulsed electron beams have been applied for surface modification of materials in our laboratory for several years. An improvement of properties like wear, corrosion and oxidation resistance was found. Three different modification modes can be distinguished: rapid melting and solidification, surface alloying of coatings into the bulk and surface fusing of coatings to the bulk. All three surface treatment processes were investigated using the GESA (Gepulste Elektronen Strahl Anlage) facilities having following parameters: accelerating voltage 80-400 kV; power-density 2-6 MW/cm 2 ; beam diameter 4-10 cm; pulse duration 4-250 µs. Such pulses applied on material surfaces lead to a change in microstructure and in the case of surface alloying also to a change in chemical composition. This paper will give an overview on applications in different fields of surface modified materials.

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Section: Gesa Facilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gesa Facilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intense Pulsed Electron Beams Application οf Modified Materials

Weisenburger

Engelko

et al. 2009

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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“…At Efremov Institute, the capability of generating electron beams in the 100 -400 keV range, with long pulse durations (up to 500 µsec) has been developed. 12,13 This has been done through careful cathode source design, including multi-point emitters of carbon fiber bundles with series resistors to limit the cathode plasma velocity and hence gap closure speed. Emission from secondary surfaces is controlled, and the diode voltage held relatively constant throughout the power pulse.…”

Section: Experimental Facilities and Treatment Setup A Ion Beam mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effects of intense pulsed particle beams on the durability of metal-to-plastic interfaces.

Prasad¹,

Renk²,

Provencio³

et al. 2005

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We have investigated the potential for intense particle beam surface modification to improve the mechanical properties of materials commonly used in the human body for contact surfaces in, for example, hip and knee implants. The materials studied include Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE), Ti-6Al-4Al (titanium alloy), and Co-Cr-Mo alloy. Samples in flat form were exposed to both ion and electron beams (UHMWPE), and to ion beam treatment (metals). Post-analysis indicated a degradation in bulk properties of the UHMWPE, except in the case of the lightest ion fluence tested. A surface-alloyed Hf/Ti layer on the Ti-6Al-4V is found to improve surface wear durability, and have favorable biocompatibility. A promising nanolaminate ceramic coating is applied to the Co-Cr-Mo to improve surface hardness.

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“…For applications, which require a high level of an average electron beam power [2,3], the continuous and the linear electron accelerators are usually used. The pulsed accelerators are used for relatively lower average power applications and, meanwhile, allow for a compact facility size [4,5]. As a rule, for pulsed systems, a higher pulse repetition rate means a higher productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PIN-diode diagnostics of pulsed electron beam for high repetition rate mode

Egorov¹,

Poloskov

2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. This work describes the operating principle and test results of the diagnostics for measuring the pulsed electron beam parameters under repetitive operation mode. The diagnostics is based on a PIN-diode, which is used as a bremsstrahlung detector. The signal from a PIN-diode was converted to a pseudo constant voltage signal which can be measured by a conventional voltmeter. Then the signal acquired by the voltmeter was compared with a reference signal indicating the normal operating regime of the accelerator, thus information about the shot-to-shot reproducibility of the electron beam parameters was given. The system was developed and tested for the ASTRA-M accelerator with the following operating parameters: 470 kV accelerating voltage, 120 ns beam duration and up to 50 pulses per second repetition rate. IntroductionThe field of electron beam applications is growing up rapidly [1,2]. For applications, which require a high level of an average electron beam power [2,3], the continuous and the linear electron accelerators are usually used. The pulsed accelerators are used for relatively lower average power applications and, meanwhile, allow for a compact facility size [4,5]. As a rule, for pulsed systems, a higher pulse repetition rate means a higher productivity. The ASTRA-M pulsed electron accelerator [6] uses the 40 pulses per second (pps) continuous operation mode for the purpose of wastewater treatment, as well as single pulses for research applications [7 -9]. The ASTRA-M accelerator generates electron beams with the kinetic energy of electrons of up to 470 keV and the pulse width of 120 ns at half maximum [6]. During the use of accelerator for some applications, the electron beam parameters cannot be measured directly, thus, the accelerating voltage and the total diode current are used for controlling the electron beam parameters. However, such indirect information about the beam parameters is not enough to ensure an accurate operation of the accelerator, especially when the electron beam is ejected into the atmosphere. An alternative approach to control the electron beam parameters is measuring the bremsstrahlung radiation, which occurs when the electron beam interacts with a matter. The bremsstrahlung intensity for the same measurement geometry depends on the electron beam parameters. One of the most convenient ways to measure the bremsstrahlung with a high time resolution is to use PIN-diodes [10,11]. However, when a great number of pulses, e.g. 10

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Pulsed electron beam facility (GESA) for surface treatment of materials

Cited by 110 publications

References 1 publication

Intense Pulsed Electron Beams Application οf Modified Materials

Intense Pulsed Electron Beams Application οf Modified Materials

Investigation of the effects of intense pulsed particle beams on the durability of metal-to-plastic interfaces.

PIN-diode diagnostics of pulsed electron beam for high repetition rate mode

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