Pulmonary toxicity of chronic exposure to tobacco and biomass smoke in rats

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to examine the separate and combined effects of tobacco and biomass smoke exposure on pulmonary histopathology in rats.INTRODUCTION:In addition to smoking, indoor pollution in developing countries contributes to the development of respiratory diseases.METHODS:Twenty-eight adult rats were divided into four groups as follows: control group (Group I, no exposure to tobacco or biomass smoke), exposed to tobacco smoke (Group II), exposed to biomass smoke (Group III), and combined exposure to tobacco and biomass smoke (Group IV). After six months the rats in all four groups were sacrificed. Lung tissue samples were examined under light microscopy. The severity of pathological changes was scored.RESULTS:Group II differed from Group I in all histopathological alterations except intraparenchymal vascular thrombosis. There was no statistically significant difference in histopathological changes between the subjects exposed exclusively to tobacco smoke (Group II) and those with combined exposure to tobacco and biomass smoke (Group IV). The histopathological changes observed in Group IV were found to be more severe than those in subjects exposed exclusively to biomass smoke (Group III).DISCUSSION:Chronic exposure to tobacco and biomass smoke caused an increase in severity and types of lung injury.CONCLUSION:Exposure to cigarette smoke caused serious damage to the respiratory system, particularly with concomitant exposure to biomass smoke.

Tabagismo: o que tem sido abordado em periódicos brasileiros

“…In one, Moreira et al 48 evaluated the effect of tobacco smoke on the myoarticular system of mice with arthritis and verified that exposure to cigarette smoke induced musculoskeletal atrophy and prevented weight gain in exposed mice. Dogan et al 49 , in a study that compared histopathological changes in lung tissue triggered by exposure to tobacco smoke, smoke resulting from biomass burning and combined exposure, demonstrated that both types of exposure caused extensive histological damage, particularly the combined exposure. With these findings, the researchers recommend the need to limit biomass burning and that smoking cessation encouragement be emphasized in the population exposed to the combination of these two risk factors.…”

New experimental model of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke

“…It was analyzed in the lung 9 the presence of parenchymal infiltration, fibrosis, necrosis, vascular congestion, thrombosis, inflammatory infiltrate and emphysematous changes were analyzed by a semi-quantitative scale: 0 -absent, 1 -mild, 2 -moderate, 3 -severe.…”

Pesquisas em pneumologia recentemente publicadas em revistas brasileiras

“…The authors found that the use of that combination resulted in less lung injury than did the use of Ringer's lactate. Dogan et al (61) evaluated rats exposed to smoke (tobacco smoke and biomass smoke).…”