Indigenous communities in general have been segregated by both civil society and public policies, although there has been government support, in most cases these populations have experienced various problems from persecution, dispossession of their lands, contamination of their assets common, even genocidal acts. At the same time, they have shown various manifestations of resistance, such as the Zapatista Army of National Liberation, which over the course of 28 years of activism has had an impact on the consolidation of proposals for community life that has allowed them self-government, and in some cases, the path to food sovereignty. This article analyzes these struggles, the impact on their autonomy, as well as on the progress towards food sovereignty, based on the challenges they have faced and their achievements since the Gandhian selfgovernment. The main points of fusion are identified, as well as those in which both perspectives distance themselves, because it is from its base, an armed conflict.