“…But, as we also see in Rodrigues's story, this was an outcome of a process of intellectual transformation, in many ways connected to recognition of the 'colonial situation' (Balandier 1955), contact with socialist ideologies, and increasing political confrontation, which led to a context of enmity (see Blanes 2012). Thus, what seemed to be a paradox-the religious roots of Angolan atheism-was in fact the outcome of leadership trajectories that, in the course of establishing political careers, embarked on intellectual formations that replaced religious with socialist utopias.…”