Psychological Trauma and Cultural Trauma

Inclusive education for Internally Displaced Children in Kenya: children perceptions of their learning and development needs in post-conflict schooling

“…In mitigation, an individual represses events towards coping or adapting, yet triggers of individual memory and accompanying affect do surface past experiences. Whilst individuals attempt to defend against these affects, ultimately, these are converted into patterned behaviours or organic tendencies such as inhibition, shame or hesitations (Smelser 2004). Drawing on Sayer's (2005) argument on 'moral acceptance' , emotions and their accompanying sentiments should be taken seriously as they have a bearing on the wellbeing of those who express them-whether victims or non-victims.…”

Trauma as counter-revolutionary colonisation: Narratives from (post)revolutionary Egypt

“…Drawing an analytical distinction between first and second level trauma is not intended to establish a hierarchy, but rather reflects the development of trauma theory which expounded individual accounts prior to exploring social and collective trauma. Whilst first level theorists such as Janoff-Bulman provide a socially rooted understanding of the individual's internal, psychological experience of trauma, theories of social trauma (Sztompka, 2000;Alexander 2012, Smelser, 2004, Eyerman, 2001) elucidate the dynamics of social and societal destruction. Piotr Sztompka insists that social trauma occurs when deep social change paralyses the potential for collective agency, mobilisation and processes of social becoming.…”

Risco, catástrofes e a questão das vítimas

“…A construção social e cultural do trauma e a abordagem culturalista do trauma (Sztompka, 2000;Alexander et al, 2004;Emirbayer, 2004, Giesen, 2004Smelser, 2004;Joas, 2005).…”