Psychological inertia in adolescence: Sexist attitudes and cognitive and social strategies that hinder gender equality

Alonso, Macarena Blázquez; Manso, Juan Manuel Moreno; Cruz, Marta Fernández de la; García-Baamonde, Ma Elena; Guerrero-Molina, Mónica; Merino, María José Godoy

doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00327-5

Cited by 2 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Consequently, they lose discriminative power (Halimi et al, 2017); moreover, they do not measure a possible egalitarian attitude in the individual, but only the acceptance or rejection of these stereotypes (Constantin & Voicu, 2014;Walter, 2018). Baber and Tucker (2006) likewise criticized the reduced ability of instruments to capture contemporary ways of thinking. Other criticisms are the habitual dichotomy of these items in which men and women are in opposition; the scarcity of instruments to evaluate these attitudes in young people and adolescents even though this is a crucial period in their lives; and a limitation in the gender roles explored, which tend to be questioned for only one gender (Baber & Tucker, 2006;Bringas-Molleda et al, 2017;Constantin & Voicu, 2014;García-Cueto et al, 2015;Halimi et al, 2017).…”

Section: The Crisis In the Measurement Of Gender Role Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some authors have tried to overcome these limitations. Baber and Tucker (2006) drafted and validated the Social Roles Questionnaire (SRQ) in a sample of English university students. The SRQ includes items for evaluating subtle and concealed contemporary attitudes.…”

Section: The Crisis In the Measurement Of Gender Role Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These items allow transcendent attitudes to be captured, i.e., attitudes to roles that transcend gender. These attitudes result from the development of high ego levels that promote thought outside the ideas proposed by society (Baber & Tucker, 2006).…”

Section: The Crisis In the Measurement Of Gender Role Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies relate this traditional mentality with, for example, dating violence (Bringas-Molleda et al, 2017;Carrascosa et al, 2019;García-Cueto et al, 2015;Gracia-Leiva et al, 2019: Martínez-Gómez et al, 2021Pérez et al, 2020), intimate partner violence attitude (Evcili & Daglar, 2021), sexual double standard (Kim et al, 2019;Martínez-Gómez et al, 2021), or the agreement with conservative policies and the hierarchy and inequality in society (Bugay et al, 2019). Furthermore, in both western and non-western societies, men have a more traditional mentality than women (Blázquez-Alonso et al, 2019;Bugay et al, 2019;Halimi et al, 2016). Cotter, Hermsen, and Vaneman (2011) argue that we live in an emergent cultural frame called egalitarian essentialism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other authors argue that this situation results from a complex process: gender equality has become a new social norm, but this norm has not been accompanied by social structure and regularisation based on equity. This incongruence limits individuals' capacity to create equality relations (Blázquez-Alonso et al, 2019;Franceschet et al, 2015;Halimi et al, 2017;Pedulla & Thebaud, 2015;Yopo, 2017). The Triangle Theory of Violence (Galtung, 2016) indicates that offering different life opportunities according to sex facilitates discriminatory attitudes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Gender Role Attitude Scale (GRAS) as an alternative for the crisis in measurement of attitudes towards gender roles in Latin America: A study in Chilean university students

Pérez-Sánchez¹,

Concha-Salgado

Fernández-Suárez

et al. 2021

An. psicol.

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Hemos experimentado cambios socioculturales que han favorecido el desarrollo de actitudes de roles de género (GRA) más igualitarias. Sin embargo, actualmente la revolución en los roles de género está incompleta y la falta de equidad en las estructuras sociales limita las experiencias individuales en igualdad. Ante esta realidad, la comunidad científica exige un sistema modernizado para medir GRA. Presentamos adaptación, evidencia de validez factorial y convergente, precisión, efecto techo y piso, normas de interpretación por sexo, y análisis del GRA más fácil y difícil de modificar, para la Escala de Actitudes de Rol de Género (EARG) en muestra de 1013 universitarios chilenos. La EARG tiene una estructura bifactorial que evalúa actitudes estereotipadas y trascendentes en contextos familiares, sociales y laborales. Presenta validez convergente con una medida de doble estándar sexual y es más confiable en puntajes bajos de trascendencia y puntajes altos de actitudes estereotipadas. El factor trascendente tuvo un efecto techo, y las actitudes estereotipadas un efecto suelo. Los roles familiares de género son los más fáciles de cambiar, y los relacionados con el trabajo los más difíciles. Se discute la necesidad de un cambio estructural para reactivar la revolución de los roles de género en Chile. We have experienced sociocultural changes, which have favoured the development of egalitarian gender role attitudes (GRA). Nevertheless, the revolution in gender roles is incomplete, and the lack of equity in social structures limits the individual experiences in equality. In the face of this reality, the scientific community is demanding a modernised system for measuring GRA. We present adaptation, evidence of factorial and convergent validity, accuracy, ceiling and floor effect, norms of interpretation by sex, and analyses of the GRA easiest or most difficult to modify, for the Gender Role Attitudes Scale (GRAS) in a sample of 1013 Chilean university students. The GRAS has a two-factor structure that allows the evaluation of stereotyped and transcendent attitudes of gender roles in family, social, and work contexts. The scale presents convergent validity with a sexual double standard measure and is more reliable in the low scores of transcendence and the high scores of stereotyped attitudes. Transcendent factor had a ceiling effect, and stereotyped attitudes had a floor effect. Family gender roles are the easiest to change, and work-related roles the most difficult. The authors discuss the need for a structural change to reactivate the revolution of gender roles in Chile.

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Section: The Crisis In the Measurement Of Gender Role Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Crisis In the Measurement Of Gender Role Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Crisis In the Measurement Of Gender Role Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Gender Role Attitude Scale (GRAS) as an alternative for the crisis in measurement of attitudes towards gender roles in Latin America: A study in Chilean university students

Pérez-Sánchez¹,

Concha-Salgado

Fernández-Suárez

et al. 2021

An. psicol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

PRO-Mueve Relaciones Sanas – A Gender-Based Violence Prevention Program for Adolescents: Assessment of Its Efficacy in the First Year of Intervention

et al. 2022

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PRO-Mueve Relaciones Sanas (PRO-Mote Healthy Relationships) is a gender-based violence and dating violence prevention program targeted at adolescents. The program has been designed to be implemented during three consecutive courses [from the first to third year of Spanish mandatory secondary education (ESO)] in 8 annual sessions, imparted by university students who have been previously trained and supervised by university professors. The present study evaluates the effects of the program after the first year of implementation through a quasi-experimental design (Intervention Group N = 181; Quasi-control group N = 62; Mage = 12.11; SDage = 0.57; 54.7% girls) and assesses whether there are gender differences in the outcomes. The results obtained evidenced a significant reduction in benevolent sexism in the intervention group compared to the quasi-control group. Regarding hostile sexism, it was found to increase significantly in the quasi-control group, while it remained stable in the intervention group. Thus, there were significant differences between both groups after the intervention. Likewise, romantic love myths were found to decrease significantly, and knowledge about gender-based violence increased significantly in the intervention group between the two time points assessed, although there were no significant differences with the quasi-control group. No gender differences in the outcomes of the program were observed. The obtained results supported the efficacy of the program during the first year of intervention in the first course of the ESO and laid the foundation for the following phases of intervention.

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Psychological inertia in adolescence: Sexist attitudes and cognitive and social strategies that hinder gender equality

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

The Gender Role Attitude Scale (GRAS) as an alternative for the crisis in measurement of attitudes towards gender roles in Latin America: A study in Chilean university students

The Gender Role Attitude Scale (GRAS) as an alternative for the crisis in measurement of attitudes towards gender roles in Latin America: A study in Chilean university students

PRO-Mueve Relaciones Sanas – A Gender-Based Violence Prevention Program for Adolescents: Assessment of Its Efficacy in the First Year of Intervention

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