Psychological Distress Among Latino Family Caregivers of Adults With Schizophrenia: The Roles of Burden and Stigma

Magaña, Sandra; García, Jorge I. Ramírez; Hernández, Mercedes; Cortez, Bryan

doi:10.1176/ps.2007.58.3.378

Cited by 190 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…(2007) şizofreni hastalarının bakım vericilerinde psikososyal sorunlarla birlikte yüksek düzeyde depresyon belirtisi olduğunu saptamışlardır. [27] Barlas (2011) şizofreni ve bipolar bozukluk hastalarına bakım verenlerin yük, depresyon ve anksiyete düzeylerini sosyodemografik özellikler ve hastalık şiddeti yönünden karşılaştırdığı ve 75 primer bakım verici ile yaptığı çalışmasın-da şizofreni hastalarına bakım verenlerin %72'sinde, bipolar bozukluk hastalarına bakım verenlerin %62'sinde depresyon belirtileri olduğunu, Rodrigo ve ark. (2013) ise bipolar bozukluk ve şizofreni tanılı 80 hasta yakını ile yaptığı çalışmada hasta yakınlarının %37.5'inde depresyon belirtileri olduğunu saptamışlardır.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…(2007) şizofrenili bireylere bakım veren 85 bireyde psikososyal problemleri belirlediği çalışmada eğitim düzeyi düşük olanlarda depresyon belirtilerinin yüksek olduğunu saptamıştır. [27,29] Yusuf ve Nuhu (2011) tarafından şizofrenili hastaların 129 bakım vericisi ile yapılan çalışmada da eğitimi olmayan bakım vericilerde anksiyete ve depresyon puanının daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. [9] Bu sonuçlar çalışma bulgularımız ile uyumludur.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Investigation of Relationship in Between Burnout and Depression in Primary Caregivers of Chronic Mental Problem Patients

Tel¹,

Pınar²

2013

Psi Hem Derg

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ÖZETAmaç: Çalışma kronik ruhsal sorunlu hastaların primer bakım vericilerinde tükenmişlik ve depresyon arasındaki ilişkiyi incelenmek amacıyla yapıldı. Bulgular: Bakım vericilerde tükenmişliğin alt gruplarından duygusal tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve kişisel başarıda düşme ile depresyon puanları arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu, duygusal tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve kişisel başarıda düşme arttıkça depresyonun arttığı saptandı. Bakım vericilerin medeni durum, meslek, yaşadığı yere göre tükenmişlik ve depresyon puanı arasında anlamlı fark olmadığı saptandı (p>0.05). Bakım vericilerin cinsiyet, eğitim durumu, hastaya yakınlık derecesi ve hastanın en son hastaneye yatış zamanına göre depresyon puanı arasında; yaş grubu ve eğitim durumuna göre duygusal tükenme puanı arasın-da anlamlı fark olduğu saptandı (p<0.05). Kadın, okur-yazar olmayan ve eş konumundaki bakım vericilerde ve 0-1 yıl önce hastaneye yatışı olan hastaların bakım vericilerinde depresyon puanı yüksek, 18-25 yaş grubundaki ve üniversite mezunu bakım vericilerde duygusal tükenme puanı düşüktü. Gereç veSonuç: Kronik ruhsal sorunlu hastaların primer bakım vericileri tüken-mişlik ve depresyon yaşamaktadır. Tükenmişlik ve depresyon arasında yakın ilişki bulunmaktadır. Primer bakım vericilerde tükenmişlik arttıkça depresyon da artmaktadır. Ruh sağlığı alanında çalışan sağlık personelleri kronik ruhsal sorunu olan hasta ailelerini belirli aralıklarla tükenmiş-lik ve depresyon yönünden değerlendirmeli ve bakım vericileri güçlen-dirmeye ve depresyonu önlemeye yönelik planlamalar yapmalıdır.Anahtar sözcükler: Depresyon; hasta; kronik ruhsal sorun; primer bakım verici; tükenmişlik. SUMMARY Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between burnout and depression in the primary caregivers of patients with chronic mental problems. Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study included the caregivers of 103 inpatients in the psychiatry service of a university hospital between

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Investigation of Relationship in Between Burnout and Depression in Primary Caregivers of Chronic Mental Problem Patients

Tel¹,

Pınar²

2013

Psi Hem Derg

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“…The rates of depressive symptoms and anxiety have been found to be higher than the general population as a result of the stress experienced by caregivers [31,32]. In another study, 65% of caregivers of schizophrenic patients were found to have a high mental disorder risk [11].…”

Section: Core Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Framework for Nurses in the Use of the Neuman Systems Model on Caregivers of People Suffering by Schizophrenia

Bademli¹,

Duman²

2017

Int Arch Nurs Health Care

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framework and providing a holistic viewpoint [1]. While developing the systems model, Neuman used Gestalt, systems and stress adaptation theories. The Neuman Systems Model has a dynamic structure that provides a systems-based holistic viewpoint and is based on the protection of environmental factors in relation to the system, which is oriented to the state of wellness, and the system balance with regard to these factors [2]. The Neuman Systems Model shows a comprehensive conceptual structure related to stressors, reactions given against stressors and protective interventions. In the model, the system approach is taken as basis and it is explained how the system remains in balance against the stressors. In the Neuman systems model, the patient is considered a system and it is clarified that the system has its lower segments and these segments are interrelated. According to Neuman, a human being is an ever-changing open system that is in mutual interaction with the environment. The Neuman client system may be an individual, a family, a group or a community. The client system is addressed in a holistic manner in the model and is considered as the combination of five variables that affect each other, namely the physical, psychological, socio-cultural, developmental, and spiritual variables [2,3].Neuman describes a human being as a basic structure surrounded by successive rings as a system. The successive rings in the model constitute the lines of defense. The lines of defense are defined as flexible lines of defense, normal lines of defense, and the lines of AbstractNursing knowledge is shaped by nursing conceptual models and nursing theories. Nursing theories and models explain the basic metaparadigm concepts related to nursing discipline and the correlation between these concepts, and focus on the role of nursing. Models bring a point of view on nursing and direct nursing practices. Conceptual models in nursing bring a common meaning to the basic concepts of nursing. It is important to use the nursing model as guideline in the practices. In this study, the philosophical and theoretical basis of the Neuman Systems Model, the model's description, and its use on caregivers of patients with schizophrenia took place. The Neuman Systems model provides the nurse with a conceptual framework and contributes to provide a holistic care while working with caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. The Neuman Systems model provides the nurse with a comprehensive assessment in terms of caregiving and explains how the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention interventions can be used in problem-solving. Using the Neuman Systems Model to help understand the environmental forces that impact the client system will offer nurses insight into the family's coping ability. At this point, the Neuman Systems Model provides nurses with a comprehensive viewpoint regarding how schizophrenia affects caregivers, and helps nurses plan and implement interventions to empower coping of the caregivers of schizophrenic patients.

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“…Los familiares que conviven con el paciente presentan altos niveles de "malestar psicológico", es decir que experimentan una amplia variedad de sentimientos y emociones abrumadoras (e.g., apatía, dolor, ira, angustia, pena, desesperanza, culpa) (Madianos et al, 2004;Magaña et al, 2007), así como trastornos del estado de ánimo (mayoritariamente depresivos) y de ansiedad (Goldstein, Miklowitz y Richards, 2002;Rascón, Caraveo y Valencia, 2010;Steele et al, 2010). En un estudio realizado en un Hospital de Día de Salud Mental (HDSM) de España se encontró una situación similar, pues de 48 familiares de pacientes con TMG que fueron evaluados con el "Inventario de ansiedad de Beck" (Beck Anxiety Inventory, BAI;Beck, Epstein, Brown y Steer, 1988) y el "Inventario de depresión de Beck-II" (Beck Depression Inventory-II, BDI-II;Beck, Steer y Brown, 1996), el 64.7% sufría depresión (el 27.1% en un nivel leve, el 18.8% en un nivel moderado y el 18.8% en un nivel grave) y el 52.2% presentaba síntomas clínicos de ansiedad (el 22.9% en un nivel leve, el 18.8% en un nivel moderado y el 10.4% en un nivel grave).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Por otro lado, estos familiares suelen presentar sín-tomas más leves, "malestar psicológico" (Madianos et al, 2004;Magaña et al, 2007), sin llegar a cumplir, la mayoría de las veces, los criterios para un diagnóstico de trastorno de ansiedad o depresión y, en estos casos, la ACT también ha mostrado su eficacia. Concretamente, adultos con síntomas de ansiedad y depresión moderados, tras una intervención con ACT aumentaron su flexibilidad psicológica (Fledderus, Bohlmeijer, Fox y Schreurs y Spinhoven, 2013) y pacientes en riesgo de depresión, con síntomas de leves a moderados, tras una intervención con ACT redujeron los síntomas de ansiedad, depresión, fatiga y evitación experiencial y mejoraron en salud mental positiva y conciencia plena (mindfulness).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Intervención psicológica grupal, basada en la aceptación y el entrenamiento en comunicación, con familiares de personas con trastorno mental grave

et al. 2015

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The effectiveness of a group intervention program to reduce psychological problems in relatives living with patients with severe mental disorders was evaluated. Attended eight mothers and one father whose adult children were receiving treatment in a Mental Health Day Hospital. They followed the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Perceived Stress Scale, the SF-36 Health Survey, the Coping Strategies Inventory, and the Assertiveness Inventory. They attended 20 sessions of group psychological acceptance and development of skills-based treatment. Following the completion of the program, the level of depression in the parents decreased significantly, assertive conduct increased, as did the use of coping strategies aimed at the solution of problems. The relatives rated the program as useful, applied what they have learned to their daily lives, decreased the levels of psychological discomfort, and the majority applied what they have learned to what they value most. Concluding the program was successful in decreasing depression among patients’ relatives and in increasing their adaptive coping skills. Nevertheless, more studies are needed in order to overcome some limitations such as the size of the cohort and the lack of a control group.

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Psychological Distress Among Latino Family Caregivers of Adults With Schizophrenia: The Roles of Burden and Stigma

Cited by 190 publications

References 35 publications

Investigation of Relationship in Between Burnout and Depression in Primary Caregivers of Chronic Mental Problem Patients

Investigation of Relationship in Between Burnout and Depression in Primary Caregivers of Chronic Mental Problem Patients

Conceptual Framework for Nurses in the Use of the Neuman Systems Model on Caregivers of People Suffering by Schizophrenia

Intervención psicológica grupal, basada en la aceptación y el entrenamiento en comunicación, con familiares de personas con trastorno mental grave

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