Pseudoparasitic pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation

Burgers, J. A.; Sluiters, J. F.; Jong, D.W.M de; Cornelissen, Jan J.; Meerbeeck, Jan P. van

doi:10.1016/s0300-2977(01)00138-3

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…Most infections are subclinical, although internal autoinfections in people with compromised cellular immunity can lead to life‐threatening hyperinfections 2. Patients with latent S. stercoralis infestation with human T‐cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV‐I) infection,3, 4 patients with hematologic malignancies,5 and patients who have received systemic corticosteroids6 or an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)7 are at increased risk for disseminated infection. In fact, for patients with S. stercoralis infestation that fails to respond to antihelminth therapy, screening for a latent immunosuppressive retroviral infection due to human immunodeficiency virus and/or HTLV‐I is recommended 8, 9…”

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confidence: 99%

Strongyloidiasis in patients at a comprehensive cancer center in the United States

Safdar

Malathum

Rodriguez

et al. 2004

Cancer

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BACKGROUND The frequency of Strongyloides stercoralis infestation and complication in patients with cancer in the United States is unknown. METHODS The authors performed a retrospective analysis of S. stercoralis infection in patients who were undergoing cancer treatment at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX). RESULTS The overall S. stercoralis infection frequency was approximately 1.0 per 10,000 new cancer cases between 1971 and 2003. Twenty‐two of 25 patients (88%) were U.S. residents (19 from Texas; 1 each from Mississippi, Tennessee, and Puerto Rico), and the remaining 3 (13%) were from Latin America. Thirteen (52%) had solid‐organ malignancies, whereas 12 (48%) had hematologic malignancies (lymphoma or multiple myeloma, n = 8; leukemia, n = 3; aplastic anemia, n = 1). Twelve patients (48%) received systemic corticosteroids, 9 (36%) received antineoplastic therapy, and 2 underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Diarrhea was reported in 13 patients (57%), and eosinophilia was observed in 11 patients (48%); 4 patients (16%) had probable hyperinfection syndrome (in 3 cases of polymicrobial gram‐negative bacteremia, 1 patient had Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia, whereas 1 patient presented with K. pneumoniae lung infection alone). Evidence of definite pulmonary hyperinfection syndrome was observed in 2 HSCT recipients (8%). Fourteen (74%) of 19 patients responded to thiabendazole therapy. Two patients with definite pulmonary hyperinfection syndrome developed fatal S. stercoralis hemorrhagic alveolitis despite receiving high‐dose thiabendazole plus ivermectin therapy. CONCLUSIONS In the current study, strongyloidiasis was uncommon in patients with cancer and remained localized in individuals with solid‐organ malignancies. Definite pulmonary accelerated autoinfections were observed only in HSCT recipients. Therefore, pre‐HSCT S. stercoralis screening in individuals from endemic regions of the United States warrants further study. Cancer 2004;100:1531–6. © 2004 American Cancer Society.

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