Proximate composition, phytochemical screening, GC-MS studies of biologically active cannabinoids and antimicrobial activities of Cannabis indica

The antimicrobial effect behind Cannabis sativa

“…C. sativa showed the best antibacterial activity and the methanolic extract of Cannabis was the most active with marked antibacterial activity against B. subtilis and S. aureus. 48 The antimicrobial activity of Cannabis (indica) leaves, stems, and seeds extracts was evaluated by Isahq et al (2015). Six multidrug-resistant bacterial strains (S. aureus, Bacillus cereus, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis) and five fungal strains (Aspergillus and Candida genera) were used for susceptibility test.…”

“…All extracts revealed a range of antimicrobial activity. 49 The antibacterial activity of dried leaves extracts of C. sativa and other Indian medicinal plants were determined using a disc diffusion method by Chakraborty et al (2018). Clinical and non-clinical isolates of Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were tested and the growth of all of them resulted inhibited by crude ethanol extracts of the assayed plants.…”

“…aeruginosa , and Proteus mirabilis ) and five fungal strains ( Aspergillus and Candida genera) were used for susceptibility test. All extracts revealed a range of antimicrobial activity 49 …”

Wonder or evil?: Multifaceted health hazards and health benefits of Cannabis sativa and its phytochemicals

“… Asati et al, 2017 ( E )‐caryophyllene, cannabidiol, cannabidiolic acid, kaempferol, and apigenin Leaves, male and female inflorescences CB 2 agonists with nutraceutical and pharmaceutical properties* GC/MS, NMR, and LC‐DAD‐MS techniques revealed essential oil composition Nagy et al, 2019 Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol (resorcinol and 2-p-mentha-1,8-dien-4-yl-5-pentyl) Leaves, stems, and seeds Antimicrobial activities (detected by agar well diffusion method against four pathogenic bacteria strains) ** Mineral analysis, GC–MS, and antimicrobial assay were conducted to determine the bioactivity of cannabinoids. Isahq et al, 2015 Δ9- trans -tetrahydrocannabivarin, Δ9- trans -tetrahydrocannabinol, sterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, p-sitosterol), amino acid (L-proline) Young stem Psychotomimetic activity* Phytochemical screening was performed via GLC-MS. Mole and Turner, 1974 rac-6′,7′-dihydro,6′,7′-dihydroxycannabigerol Aerial parts Antibacterial activity** Polar cannabinoid isolated and characterized by spectrometric analysis Appendino et al, 2008 Denbinobin Whole plant Antiproliferative activity** Causes mitochondrial dysfunction, protein kinase B (Akt) and NF-kB pathway inactivation, Bcl-2- associated death promoter and caspase 3 activation and releases apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in human lung adenocarcinoma, Jurkat and other human leukemia cell lines Kuo et al, 2008 , Sánchez-Duffhues et al, 2009 Tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabinol, cannabichromene, cannabigerol, α- pinene, 1,8-cineole, pulegone, d- limonene, β – caryophyllene, apigenin, β- sitosterol, quercetin Plant Antidepressant, sedative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant analgesic activities* Dopamine antagonists and their role against Cannabis dependency were noted. Oladimeji and Valan, 2020 Cannabidiol Plant Anticancer activity** The antiproliferative activity of cannabidiol on different cervical cancer cell lines was tested Lukhele and Motadi, 2016 β-fenchyl Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinolate, epi -bornyl Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinolate, α-terpenyl Δ 9 -tetrahyd...…”

In Silico Assessment of Drug-Like Properties of Phytocannabinoids in Cannabis Sativa

“…Pharmacological investigations on phytocannabinoids has been reviewed, mainly on CBD and THC [2,3,4]. Various compounds in cannabis were described as anti-cancer [5], anti-nausea [2], anti-arthritic [2], anti-inflammatory [6,8], anti-microbial [7] and anti-oxidant [8]. The pharmacological properties show beyond recreational uses; however, cannabis is not yet approved by the US Food, Drugs and Administration for medical use.…”