Proximate composition, mineral content and antinutritional factors of Brebra (Millettia ferruginea) seed flour as well as physicochemical characterization of its seed oil

Abstract

Still there is no scientific report about the proximate analysis of seeds and characteristics of oil produced from brebra seed. Objective of this study was to determine proximate and antinutritional characteristics of seeds as well as the physicochemical characteristics of brebra seed oil. Crude oil, protein, fiber, ash, moisture and carbohydrate content of brebra were 48.5 ± 0.99%, 29.7 ± 0.23%, 2.41 ± 0.12%, 3.24 ± 0%, 4.24 ± 0.04% and11.92 ± 0.2%, respectively. Seed has concentrated energy (6.0298 Kcal/gm). The respective tannin, oxalate and phytic acid value were 84.3 ± 0.89 mg/100 gm, 20.97 ± 0.36 mg/100 gm and 291.62 ± 0.87 mg/100 gm, respectively. Cyanide was not detected in the sample. Seed contains high concentration of phosphorus (1062.1 ± 0.3 mg/100 g), potassium (281 ± 0.1 mg/100 g), magnesium (112.38 ± 0.1 mg/g), sodium (93.26 ± 0.1 mg/g) and calcium (61.55 ± 0.01 mg/g). The oil was analyzed for specific gravity at 20°C, viscosity at 40°C, refractive index at 40°C, acid value, saponification value, iodine value, peroxide value and ester value. Their respective values were 0.942, 40.59 mm2/s, 1.473, 0.39 mg KOH/g, 174.95 mg KOH/g, 104.48 gI2/100 g, 6.88 and 174.56 mg KOH/g. Unsaturated fatty acids accounts (80.7%), of which 48.2% and 27.7% were linolcic and linolenic, respectively, which make suitable for production of biodiesel. Seed has higher nutrient composition, low antinutritional elements and high calorie value compared to some legumes.

Effect of Post-Harvest Traditional Technologies on the Nutrient Content and Antioxidant Compounds of Defatted Flours from Ricinodendron heudelotti (Baill. Pierre ex Pax) Seed Kernels

“…These levels vary from one process to another and are high with ash values of 3.68%, 3.22%, and 3.56% reported for pigeon pea, lima bean, and lablab bean, respectively [40]. Ash content is an indicator for mineral elements [41]. Thus, from the result, it could be seen that Akpi-Div sample with 13.1% was the best in terms of mineral content.…”

“…Their presence in the samples has a deleterious effect in the areas of human nutrition and food production. For example, oxalate is a chelating agent that binds calcium very effectively [41]. As mentioned earlier, the defatted flours from R. heudelotti seed kernels are a good source of dietary minerals, although in this study their oxalate and phytate contents were equally high.…”

“…The oxalate amounts found in the kernel's defatted flour are similar to other plant food rich in oxalate [57] but are distinctly lower compared to the content found by Mezajoug and Tchiégang [6], which presented more than 2000 mg/100 g of oxalates in defatted flours from R. heudelottii seeds kernels. In all cases, it is now known that vegetables-based diets with high oxalate content can lead to an acute loss of metabolic calcium (hypocalcemia) [41]. The phytate amount of defatted flours from R. heudelotti kernels is very high compared to 17.0-18.1 mg/100 g found by Mezajoug and Tchiégang [6] for unsieved defatted flours of R. heudelotti kernels.…”

Ethanolic Extract of Milletia Ferruginea Inhibits Growth of Shigella Species

“…It is also used as a decorative plant that can be planted along with other plants. [5] Only a few studies are available regarding the antimicrobial activities of M. ferruginea. A study indicated antibacterial activity of the extract of the leaf of this plant against Streptococcus pyogenes causing wound infection.…”

Antimicrobial activity and DNA-fragmentation effect of isoflavonoids isolated from seeds of Millettia ferruginea, an endemic legume tree in Ethiopia

“…Baker (M. ferruginea) plants, with two distinct subspecies, namely, ferruginea and darassana belonging to Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family, are widely distributed within the agro-climatic zones of 1 000-2 500 m above the sea level in Ethiopia [1]. The leguminous M. ferruginea trees would grow even up to 25 m high and often found in association with essential crops, like barley, sorghum and maize, demonstrating a beneficial effect owing to its nitrogen-fixing property.…”