Proximate composition and fatty acid profile of three different fresh and dried commercial sea cucumbers from Turkey

Abstract

Proximate composition and fatty acid (FA) profile of three commercial sea cucumbers; Holothuria tubulosa, Holothuria polii and Holothuria mammata caught from Aegean Sea of Turkey were analysed. The effects of regional variation and drying process on FA composition were also investigated. Moisture, protein, fat and ash contents of the species ranged between 81.24% and 85.24%, 7.88% and 8.82%, 0.09% and 0.18%, and 5.13% and 7.85%, respectively, with a significant changes among species (P < 0.05) with some exceptions.Although FA values varied significantly (P < 0.05) among species and regions, the changes for most FA types representing the same region for different species were not significantly different. Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were found to be higher than total saturated (SFA) and monosaturated FAs (MUFA) accounting for 53.0-62.12% for P PUFA, 13.28-16.41% for P MUFA and 13.99-19.21% for P SFA. While some individual SFAs and PUFAs decreased after drying process, various individual FAs of MUFA increased in their amounts (P < 0.05). Among PUFAs, the highest mean value of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid for all regions were determined for H. polii as 7.25% and H. tubulosa as 12.37% in fresh samples, respectively. This study represents new information relating to FA contents and drying effect on FA profile for these species.

Free Fatty Acids Composition in Lipid Extracts of Several Sea Cucumbers Species from Malaysia

“…This finding was supported by Svetashev et al [22] who pointed out that the major fatty acids discovered in almost all species of sea cucumber was arachidonic acid while the total PUFA were higher than total SFA and MUFA [23]. The results obtained supported previous studies.…”

Comparison of Fatty Acid and Proximate Composition between &lt;i&gt;Holothuria edulis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Holothuria scabra&lt;/i&gt; Collected from Coastal Water of Sabah, Malaysia

“…Normally the moisture content in most of the sea cucumbers were in the range of 84% to 91% [24], 83% to 86% in Isostichopus sp [34], 81% to 85% for H. tubulusa [9], even higher than present study as reported 89% to 90% in Parastichopus sp [35] and 87% to 90% in Cucumaria frondosa [31]. Moisture percentages in various studies can be link to due to collection time of year, environmental factors, geographical variations and feeding behaviour of respective species [35].…”

“…Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) were the primary fatty acid in sea cucumber of which Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) [7] arachidonic acid (ARA) [8], docosaheaxanoic acid (DHA) [9] are the dominant fatty acids being reported across various studies. Mono Unsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA) were detected in the body wall of sea cucumber [6] of which Palmitoleic acid detected as anti-inflammatory effect, anorexic and mitigation on type 2 diabetes [10] and also has potentiality for curing obesity [11].…”

Identification and Quantification of Phthalate Pollution in Holothuria atra, a Sea Cucumber from the Persian Gulf (Iran)

“…Bioactive compounds found in marine organisms, such as seaweeds, soft corals, sponges, mollusks, phytoplanktons, tunicates, echinoderms, and bacteria have shown wide variety of applications in medicinal fields (19,20). Holothurians have been used for centuries as an anti-inflammatory and antidisease food source and for treating different ailments in South East Asian countries, such as Korea, Japan, Indonesia, and China (21,22). They are nutrient-rich invertebrates, similar to cucumber with a leathery skin and gelatinous body (23).…”