Proton MR study of different types of experimental acute renal failure in rats

Magnetic resonance in the assessment of renal function

“…A significant prolongation of T1 and T2 relaxation times in the cortex probably due to tissue edema was found for both types of injuries, whereas T1 and T2 in the medulla were prolonged only in the obstructed kidneys [37]. Similar results in relaxation times of the cortex were observed by Munechika et al [38] who induced acute renal failure by infusion of norepinephrine in dogs.…”

“…Iaina et al [37] studied MR properties in experimentally induced renal failure following injection of gentamicin or ureteral ligation in rats. A significant prolongation of T1 and T2 relaxation times in the cortex probably due to tissue edema was found for both types of injuries, whereas T1 and T2 in the medulla were prolonged only in the obstructed kidneys [37].…”

“…Magnetic resonance imaging proves to be an effective method for demonstrating morphologic and functional disturbances following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) [45±50]. Renal alterations detected by MRI are: (a) loss of corticomedullary differentiation present in up to 63 % of cases [37]; (b) small subcapsular or perinephric fluid collections, (c) hemorrhage into renal cysts and focal areas of increased or decreased SIs [46,49,50].…”

Assessment of renal impairment by non-contrast-enhanced conventional magnetic resonance imaging: comparison with 99mTc-DTPA renography

“…7 Imbalances in the water content between the cortex and the medulla were postulated as an explanation for the loss of the CMD on T1-weighted images of damaged kidneys. [7][8][9]11,12,[18][19][20][21][22][23] In addition to imbalances in the water content, decreased tubular fl ow or deposition of a variety of materials such as protein or blood in the medulla may result in increased signal intensity for the medulla on T1-weighted images. [9][10][11][12] For pairs of kidneys, the visual CMD on T1-weighted images provided almost perfect agreement with the renography results in this study.…”

MRI Mapping of Renal T1: Basic Concept

“…A comprehensive review of clinical T 1 (and T 2 ) applications in the kidney can be found here [24]. The use of T 1 for noninvasive assessment of renal pathology in preclinical models has already been explored in the 1980s, showing that various effects including ischemia, tubular obstruction and renal congestion may attribute to T 1 differences in rat models of acute and chronic renal failure [25,26]. T 1 values can be affected by a wide variety of changes in the tissue environment, including inflammation and fibrosis.…”