Protocatechuic aldehyde mitigates hydrogen peroxide-triggered PC12 cell damage by down-regulating MEG3

Abstract

Background: Protocatechuic aldehyde (PA) extracts from S. miltiorrhiza, which anti-oxidative and antiinflammatory functions have been certified in diverse diseases. Nonetheless, the influence of PA in spinal cord injury (SCI) is still hazy. The research probed the function of PA in hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2)damaged PC12 cells. Methods: The disparate dosages of H 2 O 2 (0-400 mM) or PA (0-2 mM) were applied for stimulating PC12 cells, and subsequently cell viability, apoptosis, apoptosis-and autophagy-correlative factors were evaluated. After pc-MEG3 transfection, functions of MEG3 overexpression in H 2 O 2 and/or PA-managed PC12 cells were reassessed. Western blot was conducted to determine Wnt/b-catenin and PTEN/PI3K/ AKT pathways. Results: H 2 O 2 stimulation clearly triggered PC12 cell damage via prohibiting cell viability and accelerating apoptosis and autophagy. But, PA management mitigated H 2 O 2-triggered PC12 cells damage. Down-regulated MEG3 triggered by PA was presented in H 2 O 2-managed cells. What's more, overexpressed MEG3 dramatically overturned the influences of PA in H 2 O 2-damaged PC12 cells. Beyond that, PA activated Wnt/b-catenin and PTEN/PI3K/AKT via repression of MEG3 in H 2 O 2-managed PC12 cells. Conclusions: The results disclosed the protective impacts of PA on PC12 cells to resist H 2 O 2-provoked damage. MEG3, Wnt/b-catenin and PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathways joined in adjusting the activity of PA in H 2 O 2-damaged PC12 cells.

Molecular mechanisms associated with the chemoprotective role of protocatechuic acid and its potential benefits in the amelioration of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: A review

“…extracts show that in addition to the presence of PCA, Hs extracts also possess organic acids (hydroxycitric acid and hibiscus acid) and anthocyanins (delphinidin-3-sambubioside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside) as well as flavonoids, which are likely to be responsible for the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-nephrotoxic, hepatoprotective, anti-aging, p53-upregulating, anti-apoptotic, antibacterial, and antidiabetic properties that have been amply elucidated by several studies [21] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] . Notably, the flavonoids and polyphenols in PCA, have been associated with conferring protection against brain diseases, ulcerative colitis, cancers, diabetes, and a host of other non-communicable diseases [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] . Given the central role of inflammation in tumor initiation as well as the role of oxidative stress and cell death in the initiation, maintenance, and exacerbation of DIC, the role of PCA may indeed expand beyond simply ameliorating cardiotoxicity, to include suppressing tumor progression during chemotherapy [33] , [35] , [36] .…”

Antioxidant Effects of Protocatechuic Acid and Protocatechuic Aldehyde: Old Wine in a New Bottle

“…It is capable of attenuating oxidative stress by increasing the activity of GSH-PX and SOD, as well as reducing the activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) and NADPH oxidase (NOX) and the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) [5,93]. PAL was reported to inhibit the production of ROS in rat PC12 cells and human SH-SY5Y cells [94,95]. Tables 2 and 3 provide details of the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects of PCA and PAL.…”

Engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum as the Platform for the Production of Aromatic Aldehydes

“…4-HB aldehyde has been proposed to be a candidate therapeutic agent with the potential to promote acute wound healing ( Ha et al, 2000 ; Kang et al, 2017 ). PC aldehyde possesses antiproliferative, antioxidant, antiadipogenic, and anticancer properties ( Byun et al, 2016 ; Zhong et al, 2016 ; Shi Zhong et al, 2020 ; Zhiwei Zhong et al, 2020 ). Vanillin is the primary component of the extract of vanilla bean and considered one of the most important aromatic aldehydes widely used in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and other applications ( Martău et al, 2021 ).…”