Proteomic analysis of pre-diapause, diapause and post-diapause larvae of the wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

Abstract

Abstract. To determine the relationship between protein expression and insect diapause, a proteomic approach was used to investigate the proteins extracted from larvae of the wheat blossom midge Sitodiplosis mosellana Gehin at different developmental stages, including pre-diapause, over-summering diapause, over-wintering diapause and post-diapause. Using 2-DE gels stained with coomassie brilliant blue, about 300 protein spots were detected in the extracts of pre-diapause larvae and 275 for those in each of the other stages. There were 91, 92 and 95 protein spots that showed more than a 2-fold change in abundance in the over-summering diapause, over-wintering diapause and post-diapause stages compared with pre-diapause. Eight protein spots, which showed the greatest difference in the larvae at different stages of diapause, were analyzed using Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Seven of them were successfully identified from their peptide mass fingerprints using the NCBInr database. They were proopiomelanocortin, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 and F10F2.5, which were up-regulated or unique to pre-diapause larvae, IKK interacting protein isoform 2 up-regulated in diapause and post-diapause larvae, GA10647-PA unique in over-wintering diapause larvae, purple CG16784-PB isoform B and B0228.6 up-regulated in over-summering and overwintering diapause larvae. The potential functions of these proteins during wheat blossom midge diapause are discussed.

Global Transcriptome Analysis of Orange Wheat Blossom Midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Gehin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) to Identify Candidate Transcripts Regulating Diapause

“…With decreasing ambient temperatures during winter, this diapause is gradually being terminated leaving larvae in an inactive state of post-diapause quiescence. Most studies on the diapause of wheat blossom midge have focused on the ecology and biochemistry [6]–[10] with a very few studies on the molecular mechanisms that control diapause [11].…”

Gene characterization of two digestive serine proteases in Sitodiplosis mosellana: implications for alternative control strategies

“…Error bars indicate the standard error for two biological replicates (two technical replicates within each) with significance at P ƒ 0.05. Cheng et al (2009) found 91 or 92 differentially expressed proteins between nondiapause and diapause stages of the wheat midge. Approximately 60%-70% of these differentially expressed proteins were down-regulated or missing during diapause.…”

Understanding the regulation of overwintering diapause molecular mechanisms in Culex pipiens pallens through comparative proteomics

“…With the advent of highly advanced proteomic platforms based on isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) 37 , proteomics allows for screening differentially expressed proteins at a large scale, which ultimately provides a direct measurement of protein expression levels and insight into the activity of relevant proteins. Changes in protein expression during diapause have mainly been explored using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) 38–43 and shotgun proteomics 44 and using Itraq 31,45 on other insects. In contrast, there are no reports of proteomic analysis of diapause in mosquitoes thus far.…”