Protein Molecular Structures and Protein Fraction Profiles of New Coproducts from BioEthanol Production: A Novel Approach

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to determine the protein molecular structures of the new coproducts from bioethanol production, quantify protein structure amide I to II and alpha-helix to beta-sheet spectral peak intensity ratio, and illustrate multivariate molecular spectral analyses as a novel research tool for rapid characterization of protein molecular structures in bioethonal bioproducts. The study demonstrated that the grains had a significantly higher ratio of alpha-helix to beta-sheet in the protein structure than their coproducts produced from bioethanol processing (1.38 vs 1.03, P < 0.05). There were significant differences between wheat and corn (1.47 vs 1.29, P < 0.05) but no difference between wheat dried distiller grains with solubles (DDGS) and corn DDGS (1.04 vs 1.03, P > 0.05). The grains had a significantly higher ratio of protein amide I to II in the protein structure than their coproducts produced from bioethanol processing (4.58 vs 2.84, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between wheat and corn (4.61 vs 4.56, P > 0.05), but there were significant differences between wheat DDGS and corn DDGS (3.08 vs 2.21, P < 0.05). This preliminary study indicated that bioethanol processing changes protein molecular structures, compared with original grains. Further study is needed with a large set of the new bioethanol coproducts to quantify protein molecular structures (alpha-helix to beta-sheet ratio; amide I to II ratio) of the bioethanol coproducts in relation to nutrient supply and availability in animals.

Plant‐based food and feed protein structure changes induced by gene‐transformation, heating and bio‐ethanol processing: A synchrotron‐based molecular structure and nutrition research program

“…The results [16,35] showed that the protein structure a-helix to b-sheet ratio was significantly different between the grains and the new co-products of bio-ethanol production. The a-helix to b-sheet ratio was significantly higher in the grains than in the co-products (1.38 versus 1.03).…”

Molecular Structure and Metabolic Characteristics of the Proteins and Energy in Triticale Grains and Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles for Dairy Cattle

“…40,41 The hypotheses of this study were that bioethanol processing changed the molecular structure of the proteins in DDGS as compared with the original cereal grain and that these changes in protein could be detected by a molecular spectroscopy techniqueDRIFTas has been previously reported in other cereal. 39,41 In addition, bioethanol processing changes the nutrient content and protein digestive characteristics of triticale DDGS relative to that of triticale grain…”

“…The detailed descriptions were reported previously. 28,33,39 DRIFT Molecular Spectroscopy Data Collection and Analysis. DRIFT molecular spectroscopy was performed using a Bio-Rad FTS-40 with a ceramic infrared source and a mercury cadmium telluride detector (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA) at the Saskatchewan Structural Sciences Center (SSSC, Saskatoon, SK).…”

“…40,41 The hypotheses of this study were that bioethanol processing changed the molecular structure of the proteins in DDGS as compared with the original cereal grain and that these changes in protein could be detected by a molecular spectroscopy techniqueDRIFTas has been previously reported in other cereal. 39,41 In addition, bioethanol processing changes the nutrient content and protein digestive characteristics of triticale DDGS relative to that of triticale grainThe objectives of this study were (1) to identify differences in molecular structures of proteins between triticale grain and DDGS in comparison with two other common cereal grains (wheat and corn) and their DDGS (wheat DDGS, corn DDGS) using molecular spectroscopy, namely, DRIFT; (2) to investigate differences in chemical profiles as well as protein and carbohydrate fractions between triticale grain and DDGS;(3) to determine the ruminal degradation kinetics of various nutrients in triticale DDGS and triticale grain; (4) to detect the effect of bioethanol production on the predicted intestinal availability of the protein in triticale DDGS in comparison with triticale grain; and (5) to estimate the amount of truly absorbable protein in the small intestine using the DVE/OEB system and the NRC-2001 model in triticale and triticale DDGS. ■ MATERIALS AND METHODS Triticale Grain and DDGS.…”

Use of Wheat Distiller Grains in Ruminant Diets

“…Yu et al [18] reported that the grain had higher ratio of protein amide I to II in the protein structure than its distiller grain produced from bioethanol processing (grain vs. distiller grain; 4.58 vs. 2.84). Protein vibration of amide I and II depends on the protein secondary structure of the backbone and is therefore most commonly used for secondary-structure analysis [19].…”